PEERAGES
Last updated 12/07/2018 (29 Jan 2024)
Date	Rank	Order	Name	Born	Died	Age
BRUCE
24 Jun 1295	B	1	Robert de Bruce Summoned to Parliament as Lord Bruce 24 Jun 1295		1304
1304		2	Robert de Bruce, 4th Earl of Carrick He was crowned King of Scotland as Robert I in 1306. On the death of his son David II of Scotland in 1371, the peerage fell into abeyance	11 Jul 1274	6 Jun 1329	54
BRUCE OF AMPTHILL
21 Dec 1663	V	1	Robert Bruce, 2nd Earl of Elgin Created Baron Bruce of Skelton, Viscount Bruce of Ampthill and Earl of Ailesbury 18 Mar 1664 See "Ailesbury" - extinct 1747		20 Oct 1685
BRUCE OF BENNACHIE
19 Oct 2015	B[L]		Sir Malcolm Gray Bruce Created Baron Bruce of Bennachie for life 19 Oct 2015 MP for Gordon 1983‑2015; PC 2006	17 Nov 1944
BRUCE OF DONINGTON
20 Jan 1975 to     18 Apr 2005	B[L]		Donald William Trevor Bruce Created Baron Bruce of Donington for life 20 Jan 1975 MP for Portsmouth North 1945‑1950; MEP 1975‑1979 Peerage extinct on his death	3 Oct 1912	18 Apr 2005	92
BRUCE OF KINLOSS
8 Jul 1604 3 May 1608	B[S] B[S]	1 1	Edward Bruce Created Lord Bruce of Kinloss 8 Jul 1604 and 3 May 1608	c 1549	14 Jan 1611
14 Jan 1611		2	Edward Bruce		Aug 1613
Aug 1613	B[S]	3 1	Thomas Bruce Created Lord Bruce of Kinloss and Earl of Elgin 21 Jun 1633, and Baron Bruce of Whorlton 30 Jul 1641	2 Dec 1599	21 Dec 1663	64
21 Dec 1663		4 2	Robert Bruce, 2nd Earl of Elgin Created Baron Bruce of Skelton, Viscount Bruce of Ampthill and Earl of Ailesbury 18 Mar 1664		20 Oct 1685
20 Oct 1685		5 3	Thomas Bruce, 2nd Earl of Ailesbury	1656	16 Dec 1741	85
16 Dec 1741		6 4	Charles Bruce, 3rd Earl of Ailesbury On his death the creations of 1604 and 1633 passed to the Earl of Elgin and the creation of 1608 passed to the Barons of Kinloss	29 May 1682	10 Feb 1747	64
BRUCE OF MELBOURNE
18 Mar 1947 to     25 Aug 1967	V	1	Stanley Melbourne Bruce Created Viscount Bruce of Melbourne 18 Mar 1947 Prime Minister of Australia 1923‑1929; PC 1923; CH 1927 Peerage extinct on his death	15 Apr 1883	25 Aug 1967	84
BRUCE OF SKELTON
21 Dec 1663	B	1	Robert Bruce, 2nd Earl of Elgin Created Baron Bruce of Skelton, Viscount Bruce of Ampthill and Earl of Ailesbury 18 Mar 1664 See "Ailesbury" - extinct 1747		20 Oct 1685
BRUCE OF TORRY
26 Dec 1647	B[S]	1	Edward Bruce Created Lord Bruce of Torry and Earl of Kincardine 26 Dec 1647 See "Kincardine"		1662
BRUCE OF TOTTENHAM
17 Apr 1746	B	1	Charles Bruce, 3rd Earl of Ailesbury Created Baron Bruce of Tottenham 17 Apr 1746 For details of the special remainder included in this creation, see the note at the foot of this page	29 May 1682	10 Feb 1747	64
10 Feb 1747		2	Thomas Bruce Brudenell-Bruce He was subsequently created Earl of Ailesbury in 1776	30 Apr 1729	19 Apr 1814	84
10 Jul 1838			George Brudenell-Bruce He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of Acceleraion as Baron Bruce of Tottenham 10 Jul 1838 He succeeded as Marquess of Ailesbury in 1856	20 Nov 1804	6 Jan 1878	73
BRUCE OF WHORLTON
30 Jul 1641	B	1	Thomas Bruce, 1st Earl of Elgin Created Baron Bruce of Whorlton 30 Jul 1641 See "Elgin" - extinct 1747	2 Dec 1599	21 Dec 1663	64
29 Dec 1711			Charles Bruce He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of Acceleration as Baron Bruce of Whorlton 29 Dec 1711 He succeeded as 4th Earl of Elgin in 1741	1682	10 Feb 1747	64
BRUCE-GARDYNE
7 Oct 1983 to     15 Apr 1990	B[L]		John ["Jock"] Bruce-Gardyne Created Baron Bruce-Gardyne for life 7 Oct 1983 MP for Angus South 1964‑1974 and Knutsford 1979‑1983 Peerage extinct on his death	12 Apr 1930	15 Apr 1990	60
BRUCE-LOCKHART
9 Jun 2006 to     14 Aug 2008	B[L]		Sir Alexander John Bruce-Lockhart Created Baron Bruce-Lockhart for life 9 Jun 2006 Peerage extinct on his death	4 May 1942	14 Aug 2008	66
BRUDENELL OF DEENE
17 Oct 1780 to     24 Feb 1811	B	1	James Brudenell Created Baron Brudenell of Deene 17 Oct 1780 He subsequently succeeded to the Earldom of Cardigan in 1790 Peerage extinct on his death	20 Apr 1725	24 Feb 1811	85
BRUDENELL OF STONTON
25 Feb 1628	B	1	Sir Thomas Brudenell, 1st baronet Created Baron Brudenell of Stonton 25 Feb 1628 He was subsequently created Earl of Cardigan in 1661		16 Sep 1663
BRUN
8 Jan 1313	B	1	Maurice le Brun Summoned to Parliament as Lord Brun 8 Jan 1313	c 1280	17 Mar 1355
17 Mar 1355		2	William le Brun		c 1362
c 1362		3	Ingelram le Brun		c 1400
c 1400 to     c 1462		4	Maurice le Brun On his death the peerage fell into abeyance		c 1462
BRUNTISFIELD
9 Mar 1942	B	1	Sir Victor Alexander George Anthony Warrender, 8th baronet Created Baron Bruntisfield 9 Mar 1942 MP for Grantham 1923‑1942	23 Jun 1899	14 Jan 1993	93
14 Jan 1993		2	John Robert Warrender	7 Feb 1921	14 Jul 2007	86
14 Jul 2007		3	Michael John Victor Warrender	9 Jan 1949
BRYAN
25 Nov 1350 to     17 Aug 1390	B	1	Guy Bryan Summoned to Parliament as Lord Bryan 25 Nov 1350 KG c 1370 On his death the peerage fell into abeyance	before 1319	17 Aug 1390
BRYAN OF PARTICK
20 Jun 2018	B[L]		Pauline Christina Bryan Created Baroness Bryan of Partick for life 20 Jun 2018	3 Jan 1950
BRYCE
28 Jan 1914 to     22 Jan 1922	V	1	James Bryce Created Viscount Bryce 28 Jan 1914 MP for Tower Hamlets 1880‑1885 and Aberdeen South 1885‑1907; Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1892‑1894; President of the Board of Trade 1894‑1895; PC 1892; PC [I] 1905; OM 1907 Peerage extinct on his death	10 May 1838	22 Jan 1922	83
BUCCLEUCH
16 Mar 1619	E[S]	1	Walter Scott, 2nd Lord Scott of Buccleuch Created Baron Scott of Whitchester & Eskdale and Earl of Buccleuch 16 Mar 1619		20 Nov 1633
20 Nov 1633		2	Francis Scott	21 Dec 1626	25 Nov 1651	24
25 Nov 1651		3	Mary Scott	31 Aug 1647	12 Mar 1661	13
12 Mar 1661 20 Apr 1663	D[S]	4 1	Anne Scott Created Lady Scott of Whitchester, Countess of Dalkeith and Duchess of Buccleuch 20 Apr 1663 She married James Scott, Duke of Monmouth, illegitimate son of Charles II. He was created Lord Scott of Whitchester, Earl of Dalkeith and Duke of Buccleuch 20 Apr 1663. He was attainted and his honours forfeited in 1685	11 Feb 1651	6 Feb 1732	80
6 Feb 1732		2	Francis Scott Restored to the peerages of Baron Scott of Tyndale and Earl of Doncaster 21 Mar 1743 - see "Monmouth" KT 1725	11 Jan 1695	22 Apr 1751	56
22 Apr 1751		3	Henry Scott Lord Lieutenant Midlothian 1794‑1812 and Roxburgh 1804‑1812; KT 1767; KG 1794 He succeeded as 5th Duke of Queensberry in 1810	2 Sep 1746	11 Jan 1812	65
11 Jan 1812		4	Charles William Henry Montagu-Scott (also 6th Duke of Queensberry) MP for Marlborough 1793‑1796, Ludgershall 1796‑1804, St. Michaels 1805‑1806, Marlborough 1806‑1807; Lord Lieutenant Selkirk 1794‑1797, Dumfries 1810‑1819 and Midlothian 1812‑1819; KT 1812 He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of Acceleration as Baron Scott of Tyndale 11 Apr 1807	24 May 1772	20 Apr 1819	46
20 Apr 1819		5	Walter Francis Montagu-Douglas-Scott (also 7th Duke of Queensberry) Lord Privy Seal 1842‑1846; Lord President of the Council 1846; Lord Lieutenant Midlothian 1828‑1884 and Roxburgh 1841‑1884; KT 1830; KG 1835; PC 1842	25 Nov 1806	16 Apr 1884	77
16 Apr 1884		6	William Henry Walter Montagu-Douglas-Scott (also 8th Duke of Queensberry) MP for Midlothian 1853‑1868 and 1874‑1880; Lord Lieutenant Dumfries 1858‑1914; KT 1875; KG 1897; PC 1901	9 Sep 1831	5 Nov 1914	83
5 Nov 1914		7	John Charles Montagu-Douglas-Scott (also 9th Duke of Queensberry) MP for Roxburghshire 1895‑1906; Lord Lieutenant Dumfries 1915‑1935; KT 1917	30 Mar 1864	19 Oct 1935	71
19 Oct 1935		8	Walter John Montagu-Douglas-Scott (also 10th Duke of Queensberry) MP for Roxburgh & Selkirk 1923‑1935; Lord Lieutenant Roxburgh 1932‑1973; PC 1937; KT 1949	30 Dec 1894	4 Oct 1973	78
4 Oct 1973		9	Walter Francis John Montagu-Douglas-Scott [later Scott] (also 11th Duke of Queensberry) MP for MP for Edinburgh North 1960‑1973; Lord Lieutenant Roxburgh 1974‑1975, Selkirk 1975 and Roxburgh, Ettrick & Lauderdale 1975‑2007; KT 1978	28 Sep 1923	4 Sep 2007	83
4 Sep 2007		10	Richard John Walter Montagu Douglas Scott (also 12th Duke of Queensberry) KT 2017	14 Feb 1954
BUCHAN
1115	E[S]	1	Gartnach Witness to the Charter of Scone in 1115 as Earl of Buchan		after 1132
after 1132		2	Eva she married Colban who became Earl of Buchan in her right		c 1150
c 1150		3	Roger		c 1170
c 1170		4	Fergus		before 1199
before 1199		5	Margaret she married William Comyn who became Earl of Buchan in her right		c 1237
ca 1237		6	Alexander Comyn		1289
1289 to     1308		7	John Comyn Peerage extinct on his death For information on his wife, see the note at the foot of this page	before 1259	1308
22 Jan 1334 to     1340	E[S]	1	Henry Beaumont Summoned to Parliament as Earl of Buchan 22 Jan 1334 Peerage extinct on his death		1340
c 1382	E[S]	1	Sir Alexander Stewart Created Earl of Buchan c 1382 4th son of Robert II of Scotland		24 Jul 1394
24 Jul 1394		2	Robert Stewart He was created Duke of Albany 1398 He resigned the peerage 1406 in favour of -	c 1340	3 Sep 1420
1406		3	John Stewart	c 1380	17 Aug 1424
17 Aug 1424 to     1431		4	Robert Stewart Peerage extinct on his death		1431
1469	E[S]	1	Sir James Stewart Created Lord Auchterhouse and Earl of Buchan 1469		c 1495
c 1495		2	Alexander Stewart		1505
1505		3	John Stewart		c 1555
c 1555		4	Christian Stewart She married Robert Douglas who became Earl of Buchan in her right		c 1580
c 1580		5	James Douglas		26 Aug 1601
26 Aug 1601		6	Mary Douglas She married James Erskine who became Earl of Buchan in her right		Jan 1640
Jan 1640		7	James Erskine		Oct 1664
Oct 1664		8	William Erskine		1695
1695		9	David Erskine, 4th Lord Cardross Lord Lieutenant Stirling and Clackmannan; PC 1697	1672	14 Oct 1745	73
14 Oct 1745		10	Henry David Erskine	17 Apr 1710	1 Dec 1767	57
1 Dec 1767		11	David Steuart Erskine	1 Jun 1742	19 Apr 1829	86
19 Apr 1829		12	Henry David Erskine	Jul 1783	13 Sep 1857	74
13 Sep 1857		13	David Stuart Erskine For further information on this peer, see the note at the foot of this page	6 Nov 1815	3 Dec 1898	83
3 Dec 1898		14	Shipley Gordon Stuart Erskine	27 Feb 1850	16 Apr 1934	84
16 Apr 1934		15	Ronald Douglas Stuart Mar Erskine	6 Apr 1878	18 Dec 1960	82
18 Dec 1960		16	Donald Cardross Flower Erskine, 7th Baron Erskine of Restormel Castle	3 Jun 1899	26 Jul 1984	85
26 Jul 1984		17	Malcolm Harry Erskine	4 Jul 1930	11 Sep 2022	92
11 Sep 2022		18	Henry Thomas Alexander Erskine	31 May 1960
BUCKHURST
8 Jun 1567	B	1	Thomas Sackville Created Baron Buckhurst 8 Jun 1567 He was subsequently created Earl of Dorset in 1604	1527	19 Apr 1608	80
27 Apr 1864	B	1	Elizabeth Sackville-West Created Baroness Buckhurst 27 Apr 1864 For further information about the unusual remainder to this peerage, see the note at the foot of this page	11 Aug 1795	9 Jan 1870	74
9 Jan 1870		2	Reginald Windsor Sackville He succeeded as 7th Earl de la Warr in 1873 when the peerages were merged and still remain so	21 Feb 1817	5 Jan 1896	78
BUCKINGHAM
c 1097	E	1	Walter Giffard Created Earl of Buckingham c 1097		15 Jul 1102
15 Jul 1102 to     1164		2	Walter Giffard Peerage extinct on his death		1164
c 1164 to     1176	E	1	Richard de Clare ("Strongbow") Generally considered to have been Earl of Buckingham Peerage, if such ever existed, extinct on his death		1176
15 Jul 1377	E	1	Thomas Plantagenet Created Earl of Buckingham 15 Jul 1377 Youngest son of Edward III Created Duke of Gloucester 1385		8 Sep 1397
8 Sep 1397 to     1399		2	Humphrey Plantagenet Peerage extinct on his death		1399
14 Sep 1444	D	1	Humphrey Stafford, 6th Earl of Stafford Created Duke of Buckingham 14 Sep 1444 KG 1429	15 Aug 1402	10 Jul 1460	57
10 Jul 1460 to     2 Nov 1483		2	Henry Stafford KG c 1474 He was attainted and executed 1483 when the peerage was forfeited	4 Sep 1454	2 Nov 1483	29
1486 to     17 May 1521		3	Edward Stafford Restored to the peerage 1486 KG 1495 He was attainted and executed 1521 when the peerage was forfeited	3 Feb 1478	17 May 1521	43
1 Jul 1618 to     19 Apr 1632	E[L]		Dame Mary Compton Created Countess of Buckingham for life 1 Jul 1618 Peerage extinct on her death	1570	19 Apr 1632	61
5 Jan 1617 18 May 1623	E D	1 1	George Villiers Created Baron Whaddon and Viscount Villiers 27 Aug 1616, Earl of Buckingham 5 Jan 1617, Marquess of Buckingham 1 Jan 1618 and Earl of Coventry and Duke of Buckingham 18 May 1623 Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports 1618; Lord Lieutenant Kent 1620 and Middlesex 1622; KG 1616	28 Aug 1592	23 Aug 1628	35
23 Aug 1628 to     16 Apr 1687		2	George Villiers Lord Lieutenant West Riding Yorkshire 1661‑Mar 1667 and Nov 1667‑1674; KG 1649 He had by 1663 succeeded to the Barony of de Ros. On his death that barony fell into abeyance. All of his other peerages became extinct on his death	30 Jan 1628	16 Apr 1687	59
BUCKINGHAM AND CHANDOS
4 Dec 1784	M	1	George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 3rd Earl Temple Created Marquess of Buckingham 4 Dec 1784 He succeeded as 2nd Earl Nugent in 1788 MP for Buckinghamshire 1774‑1779; Lord Lieutenant Buckinghamshire 1782‑1813; Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1782‑1783 and 1787‑1789; Secretary of State 1783; PC 1782; KG 1786	17 Jun 1753	11 Feb 1813	59
11 Feb 1813 4 Feb 1822	D	2 1	Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos‑Grenville Created Earl Temple of Stowe, Marquess of Chandos and Duke of Buckingham & Chandos 4 Feb 1822 MP for Buckinghamshire 1797‑1813; Vice President of the Board of Trade 1806‑1807; Lord Lieutenant Buckinghamshire 1813‑1839; PC 1806; KG 1820	20 Mar 1776	17 Jan 1839	62
17 Jan 1839		2	Richard Plantagenet Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville MP for Buckinghamshire 1818‑1839; Lord Privy Seal 1841‑1842; PC 1841; KG 1842	11 Feb 1797	29 Jul 1861	64
29 Jul 1861 to     26 Mar 1889		3	Richard Plantagenet Campbell Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville MP for Buckinghamshire 1846‑1857; Lord President of the Council 1866‑1867; Secretary of State for Colonies 1867‑1868; Lord Lieutenant Buckinghamshire 1868‑1889; Governor of Madras 1875‑1880; PC 1866 On his death all of the above peerages (except the Earldom of Temple of Stowe created in 1822) became extinct. The Earldom of Temple of Stowe descended to his nephew - see that title	10 Sep 1823	26 Mar 1889	65
BUCKINGHAMSHIRE
23 Mar 1703	D	1	John Sheffield, 1st Marquess of Normanby Created Duke of the County of Buckingham and of Normanby 23 Mar 1703 Lord Lieutenant East Riding Yorkshire 1679‑1682 and 1687‑1688; Lord Privy Seal 1702‑1705; Lord Lieutenant North Riding of Yorkshire 1702‑1705 and 1711‑1714 and Middlesex 1711‑1714; KG 1674; PC 1685	8 Sep 1647	24 Feb 1721	73
24 Feb 1721 to     30 Oct 1735		2	Edmund Sheffield Peerages extinct on his death	3 Jan 1716	30 Oct 1735	19
5 Sep 1746	E	1	Sir John Hobart, 5th baronet Created Baron Hobart 28 May 1728 and Earl of Buckinghamshire 5 Sep 1746 MP for St. Ives 1715‑1727 and Norfolk 1727‑1728; Lord Lieutenant Norfolk 1739‑1756; PC 1745	11 Oct 1693	22 Sep 1756	62
22 Sep 1756		2	John Hobart MP for Norwich 1747‑1756; Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1776‑1780; PC 1756	1 Aug 1723	3 Aug 1793	70
3 Aug 1793		3	George Hobart MP for St. Ives 1754‑1761 and Bere Alston 1761‑1780	Oct 1731	14 Oct 1804	73
14 Oct 1804		4	Robert Hobart MP [I] for Portarlington 1784‑1790 and Armagh Borough 1790‑1797; MP for Bramber 1788‑1790 and Lincoln 1790‑1796; Governor of Madras 1793‑1797; Secretary of State for War 1801‑1804; Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1805 and 1812; Postmaster General 1806‑1807; PC [I] 1789; PC 1793 He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of Acceleration as Baron Hobart 30 Nov 1798	6 May 1760	4 Feb 1816	55
4 Feb 1816		5	George Robert Hobart-Hampden MP for St. Michaels 1812‑1813	1 May 1789	1 Feb 1849	59
1 Feb 1849		6	Augustus Edward Hobart‑Hampden For information on his third son, Augustus Charles Hobart ["Hobart Pasha"], see the note at the foot of this page	1 Nov 1793	29 Oct 1885	91
29 Oct 1885		7	Sidney Carr Hobart‑Hampden	14 Mar 1860	15 Jan 1930	69
15 Jan 1930		8	John Hampden Mercer‑Henderson	16 Apr 1906	2 Jan 1963	56
2 Jan 1963		9	Vere Frederick Cecil Hobart‑Hampden	17 May 1901	19 Apr 1983	81
19 Apr 1983		10	George Miles Hobart‑Hampden	15 Dec 1944
BUCKLAND
16 Jul 1926 to     23 May 1928	B	1	Henry Seymour Berry Created Baron Buckland 16 Jul 1926 Peerage extinct on his death For information on the death of this peer, see the note at the foot of this page	17 Sep 1877	23 May 1928	50
BUCKMASTER
14 Jun 1915 24 Feb 1933	B V	1 1	Sir Stanley Owen Buckmaster Created Baron Buckmaster 14 Jun 1915 and Viscount Buckmaster 24 Feb 1933 MP for Cambridge 1906‑1910 and Keighley 1911‑1915; Solicitor General 1913‑1915; Lord Chancellor 1915‑1916; PC 1915	9 Jan 1861	5 Dec 1934	73
5 Dec 1934		2	Owen Stanley Buckmaster	24 Sep 1890	25 Nov 1974	84
25 Nov 1974		3	Martin Stanley Buckmaster	11 Apr 1921	8 Jun 2007	86
8 Jun 2007		4	Adrian Charles Buckmaster	2 Feb 1949
BUCKTON
16 Jun 1966 to     17 Jan 1978	B[L]		Sir Samuel Storey, 1st baronet Created Baron Buckton for life 16 Jun 1966 MP for Sunderland 1931‑1945 and Stretford 1950‑1966 Peerage extinct on his death	18 Jan 1896	17 Jan 1978	81
BULKELEY
19 Jan 1644	V[I]	1	Thomas Bulkeley Created Viscount Bulkeley 19 Jan 1644		c 1659
c 1659		2	Robert Bulkeley MP for Anglesey 1660‑1661 and 1685‑1689, and Caernarvonshire 1675‑1679	c 1630	18 Oct 1688
18 Oct 1688		3	Richard Bulkeley MP for Beaumaris 1679 and Anglesey 1680‑1704	c 1658	9 Aug 1704
9 Aug 1704		4	Richard Bulkeley MP for Anglesey 1704‑1715 and 1722‑1724	19 Sep 1682	4 Jun 1724	41
4 Jun 1724		5	Richard Bulkeley MP for Beaumaris 1730‑1739	8 Apr 1707	15 Mar 1739	31
15 Mar 1739		6	James Bulkeley MP for Beaumaris 1739‑1753	17 Feb 1717	23 Apr 1752	35
12 Dec 1752 14 May 1784 to     3 Jun 1822	B	7 1	Thomas James Bulkeley Created Baron Bulkeley 14 May 1784 MP for Anglesey 1774‑1784; Lord Lieutenant Caernarvon 1781‑1822 Peerages extinct on his death	12 Dec 1752	3 Jun 1822	69
BULL
11 Jul 2018	B[L]		Deborah Clare Bull Created Baroness Bull for life 11 Jul 2018	22 Mar 1963
BULLOCK
30 Jan 1976 to     2 Feb 2004	B[L]		Sir Alan Louis Charles Bullock Created Baron Bullock for life 30 Jan 1976 Peerage extinct on his death	13 Dec 1914	2 Feb 2004	89
BULMER
25 Feb 1342 to     1357	B	1	Ralph de Bulmer Summoned to Parliament as Lord Bulmer 25 Feb 1342 Peerage became dormant on his death		1357
BURDEN
1 Feb 1950	B	1	Thomas William Burden Created Baron Burden 1 Feb 1950 MP for Park 1942‑1950	29 Jan 1885	27 May 1970	85
27 May 1970		2	Philip William Burden	21 Jun 1916	25 Jun 1995	79
25 Jun 1995		3	Andrew Philip Burden	20 Jul 1959	23 Apr 2000	40
23 Apr 2000		4	Fraser William Elsworth Burden	6 Nov 1964
BURDETT-COUTTS
9 Jun 1871 to     30 Dec 1906	B	1	Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts Created Baroness Burdett-Coutts 9 Jun 1871 Peerage extinct on her death For further information on this peeress, and in particular her battle against her stalker, Richard Dunn, see the note at the foot of this page	25 Apr 1814	30 Dec 1906	92
BURFORD
27 Dec 1676	E	1	Charles Beauclerk Created Baron Hedington and Earl of Burford 27 Dec 1676, and Duke of St. Albans 10 Jan 1684 See "St. Albans"	8 May 1670	10 May 1726	56
BURGH
10 Dec 1327	B	1	William de Burgh Summoned to Parliament as Lord Burgh 10 Dec 1327 Nothing further is known of this peerage
1 Sep 1487	B	1	Thomas Burgh Summoned to Parliament as Lord Burgh 1 Sep 1487 KG 1483		18 Mar 1496
18 Mar 1496		2	Edward Burgh		20 Aug 1528
20 Aug 1528		3	Thomas Burgh Admitted to Parliament 2 Dec 1529		28 Feb 1550
28 Feb 1550		2	William Burgh	1522	10 Sep 1584	62
10 Sep 1584		3	Thomas Burgh KG 1593	c 1555	14 Oct 1597
14 Oct 1597 to     26 Feb 1602		4	Robert Burgh On his death the peerage fell into abeyance	1594	26 Feb 1602	7
5 May 1916		5	Alexander Henry Leith Abeyance terminated in his favour 5 May 1916	27 Jul 1866	19 Aug 1926	60
19 Aug 1926		6	Alexander Leigh Henry Leith	16 May 1906	26 May 1959	53
26 May 1959		7	Alexander Peter Willoughby Leith	20 Mar 1935	14 Jul 2001	66
14 Jul 2001		8	Alexander Gregory Disney Leith	16 Mar 1958
24 May 1784 to     24 May 1802	B	1	James Lowther Created Baron Lowther, Baron of the Barony of Kendal, Baron of the Barony of Burgh, Viscount of Lonsdale, Viscount of Lowther and Earl of Lonsdale 24 May 1784 Peerages extinct on his death	5 Aug 1736	24 May 1802	65
BURGHCLERE
3 Aug 1895 to     6 May 1921	B	1	Herbert Coulston Gardner Created Baron Burghclere 3 Aug 1895 MP for Saffron Walden 1885‑1895; President of the Board of Agriculture 1892‑1895; PC 1892 Peerage extinct on his death	9 Jun 1846	6 May 1921	74
BURGHERSH
12 Nov 1303 to     1306	B	1	Robert de Burghersh Summoned to Parliament as Lord Burghersh 12 Nov 1303 Peerage extinct on his death		1306
25 Jan 1330	B	1	Bartholomew de Burghersh Summoned to Parliament as Lord Burghersh 25 Jan 1330	before 1304	Aug 1355
Aug 1355		2	Bartholomew de Burghersh KG 1348	before 1329	5 Apr 1369
5 Apr 1369		3	Elizabeth Despencer	1342	Aug 1409	47
Aug 1409		4	Richard Despencer	1400	7 Oct 1414	14
7 Oct 1414		5	Isabel Beauchamp	26 Jul 1400	Jan 1440	39
Jan 1440		6	Henry Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick	c 1423	11 Jun 1445
11 Jun 1445 to     3 Jun 1449		7	Ann Beauchamp On her death the peerage fell into abeyance		3 Jun 1449
29 Dec 1624	B	1	Sir Francis Fane Created Baron of Burghersh and Earl of Westmorland 29 Dec 1624 See "Westmorland"	Feb 1580	23 Mar 1629	49
BURGHLEY
25 Feb 1571	B	1	Sir William Cecil Created Baron Burghley 25 Feb 1571 Secretary of State 1548‑1549, 1551 and 1558‑1598; Lord Treasurer 1572‑1598; KG 1572	13 Sep 1521	4 Aug 1598	76
4 Aug 1598		2	Thomas Cecil He was created Earl of Exeter in 1605 into which title this peerage then merged	5 May 1542	8 Feb 1623	80
BURLINGTON
20 Mar 1664	E	1	Richard Boyle, 2nd Earl of Cork Created Baron Clifford of Lanesborough 4 Nov 1644 and Earl of Burlington 20 Mar 1664 MP for Appleby 1640‑1644; Lord Lieutenant West Riding Yorkshire 1667 and 1679‑1688	20 Oct 1612	15 Jan 1698	85
15 Jan 1698		2	Charles Boyle He was summoned to Parliament as Baron Clifford of Lanesborough 20 Nov 1694 MP for Appleby 1690‑1694; Lord Lieutenant West Riding Yorkshire 1699‑1704; PC [I] 1695; PC 1702	30 Oct 1660	9 Feb 1704	43
9 Feb 1704 to     3 Dec 1753		3	Richard Boyle Lord Lieutenant West Riding Yorkshire 1715‑1733; PC [I] 1715; PC 1729; KG 1730 Peerage extinct on his death	25 Apr 1694	15 Dec 1753	59
10 Sep 1831	E	1	George Augustus Henry Cavendish Created Baron Cavendish of Keighley and Earl of Burlington 10 Sep 1831 MP for Knaresborough 1775‑1780, Derby 1780‑1796 and Derbyshire 1797‑1831	21 Mar 1754	4 May 1834	80
4 May 1834		2	William Cavendish MP for Cambridge University 1829‑1831 and Malton 1831 He subsequently succeeded as 7th Duke of Devonshire in 1858 when the peerages were merged and still remain so	27 Apr 1808	21 Dec 1891	83
BURLISON
21 Oct 1997 to     20 May 2008	B[L]		Thomas Burlison Created Baron Burlison for life 21 Oct 1997 Peerage extinct on his death	23 May 1936	20 May 2008	71
BURNELL
19 Dec 1311 to     1315	B	1	Edward Burnell Summoned to Parliament as Lord Burnell 19 Dec 1311 Peerage extinct on his death		1315
25 Nov 1350	B	1	Nicholas Burnell Summoned to Parliament as Lord Burnell 25 Nov 1350		19 Jan 1383
19 Jan 1383 to     27 Nov 1420		2	Hugh Burnell KG 1406 Peerage extinct on his death	1347	27 Nov 1420	73
BURNETT
31 May 2006	B[L]		John Patrick Aubone Burnett Created Baron Burnett for life 31 May 2006 MP for Devon West & Torridge 1997‑2005	19 Sep 1945
BURNETT OF MALDON
30 Oct 2017	B[L]		Ian Duncan Burnett Created Baron Burnett of Maldon for life 30 Oct 2017 Lord Justice of Appeal 2014‑2017; Lord Chief Justice of England and Wales 2017-; PC 2014	28 Feb 1958
BURNHAM
31 Jul 1903	B	1	Sir Edward Levy-Lawson, 1st baronet Created Baron Burnham 31 Jul 1903	28 Dec 1833	9 Jan 1916	82
9 Jan 1916 16 May 1919 to     20 Jul 1933	V	2 1	Harry Lawson Webster Lawson Created Viscount Burnham 16 May 1919 MP for St. Pancras West 1885‑1892, Cirencester 1893‑1895 and Mile End 1905‑1906 and 1910‑1916; CH 1917 On his death the Viscountcy became extinct but the Barony passed to -	18 Dec 1862	20 Jul 1933	70
20 Jul 1933		3	William Arnold Webster Levy Lawson	19 Mar 1864	14 Jun 1943	79
14 Jun 1943		4	Edward Frederick Lawson	16 Jun 1890	4 Jul 1963	73
4 Jul 1963		5	William Edward Harry Lawson	20 Oct 1920	18 Jun 1993	72
18 Jun 1993		6	Hugh John Frederick Lawson [Elected hereditary peer 1999-2005]	15 Aug 1931	1 Jan 2005	73
1 Jan 2005		7	Harry Frederick Alan Lawson	22 Feb 1968
BURNS
20 Jul 1998	B[L]		Sir Terence Burns Created Baron Burns for life 20 Jul 1998	13 Mar 1944
BURNTISLAND
15 Apr 1672 to     Dec 1685	B[S][L]		Sir James Wemyss Created Lord Burntisland for life 15 Apr 1672 Peerage extinct on his death		Dec 1685
BURNTWOOD
21 Sep 1970 to     24 Jan 1982	B[L]		Julian Ward Snow Created Baron Burntwood for life 21 Sep 1970 MP for Portsmouth Central 1945‑1950 and Lichfield & Tamworth 1950‑1970 Peerage extinct on his death	24 Feb 1910	24 Jan 1982	71
BURT OF SOLIHULL
9 Oct 2015	B[L]		Lorely Jane Burt Created Baroness Burt of Solihull for life 9 Oct 2015 MP for Solihull 2005-2015	10 Sep 1954
BURTON
1 Jan 1712	B	1	Henry Paget Created Baron Burton 1 Jan 1712 He subsequently succeeded as 7th Lord Paget de Beaudesert in 1713 and was created Earl of Uxbridge in 1714. The Barony became extinct in 1769	c 1665	30 Aug 1743
13 Aug 1886 29 Nov 1897 to     1 Feb 1909	B B	1 1	Sir Michael Arthur Bass, 1st baronet Created Baron Burton 13 Aug 1886 and again 29 Nov 1897 For details of the special remainder included in the creation of the Barony of 1897, see the note at the foot of this page MP for Stafford 1865‑1868, Staffordshire East 1868‑1885 and Burton 1885‑1886 On his death the creation of 1886 became extinct whilst the creation of 1897 passed to -	12 Nov 1837	1 Feb 1909	71
1 Feb 1909		2	Nellie Lisa Melles	27 Dec 1873	28 May 1962	88
28 May 1962		3	Michael Evan Victor Baillie	27 Jun 1924	30 May 2013	88
30 May 2013		4	Evan Michael Ronald Baillie	19 Mar 1949
BURTON OF COVENTRY
12 Apr 1962 to     6 Oct 1991	B[L]		Elaine Frances Burton Created Baroness Burton of Coventry for life 12 Apr 1962 MP for Coventry South 1950‑1959 Peerage extinct on her death	2 Mar 1904	6 Oct 1991	87
BURY
10 Feb 1697	V	1	Arnold Joost van Keppel Created Baron Ashford, Viscount Bury and Earl of Albemarle 10 Feb 1697 See "Albemarle"	1670	30 May 1718	47
BUSCOMBE
23 Jul 1998	B[L]		Peta Jane Buscombe Created Baroness Buscombe for life 23 Jul 1998	12 Mar 1954
BUTE
14 Apr 1703	E[S]	1	Sir James Stuart, 4th baronet Created Lord Mount Stuart, Cumra and Inchmarnock, Viscount of Kingarth and Earl of Bute 14 Apr 1703		4 Jun 1710
4 Jun 1710		2	James Stuart	1689	28 Jan 1723	33
28 Jan 1723		3	John Stuart Secretary of State 1761‑1762; Prime Minister 1762‑1763; KT 1738; KG 1762	25 May 1713	10 Mar 1792	78
10 Mar 1792 21 Mar 1796	M	4 1	John Stuart Created Baron Cardiff of Cardiff Castle 20 May 1776, and Viscount Mountjoy, Earl of Windsor and Marquess of the County of Bute 21 Mar 1796 He also succeeded as 2nd Baron Mount Stewart in 1794 MP for Bossiney 1766‑1776; Lord Lieutenant Glamorgan 1772‑1793 and 1794‑1814; Lord Lieutenant Bute 1794‑1814; PC 1779	30 Jun 1744	16 Nov 1814	70
16 Nov 1814		2	John Crichton-Stuart He had previously [1803] succeeded as 7th Earl of Dumfries Lord Lieutenant Bute and Glamorgan 1815‑1848; KT 1843	10 Aug 1793	18 Mar 1848	54
18 Mar 1848		3	John Patrick Crichton-Stuart Lord Lieutenant Bute 1892‑1900; KT 1875	12 Sep 1847	9 Oct 1900	53
9 Oct 1900		4	John Crichton-Stuart Lord Lieutenant Bute 1905‑1920; KT 1922	20 Jun 1881	25 Apr 1947	65
25 Apr 1947		5	John Crichton-Stuart	4 Aug 1907	16 Aug 1956	49
16 Aug 1956		6	John Crichton-Stuart Lord Lieutenant Bute 1967‑1974 and Argyll & Bute 1990‑1993	27 Feb 1933	21 Jul 1993	60
21 Jul 1993		7	John Colum Crichton-Stuart	26 Apr 1958	22 Mar 2021	62
22 Mar 2021		8	John Bryson Crichton-Stuart	21 Dec 1989
BUTLER
c 1192	B	1	Theobald Fitz-Walter Created Baron Butler c 1192		1206
1206		2	Theobald Butler	1200	1248
1248		3	Theobald Butler	1242	c 1265
c 1265		4	Theobald Butler		26 Sep 1285
26 Sep 1285		5	Theobald Butler	14 May 1290
14 May 1290		6	Edmund Butler		13 Sep 1321
13 Sep 1321		7	James Butler He was created Earl of Ormonde in 1328 when the peerages merged
8 Jul 1912	B	1	Charles Ernest Alfred French Somerset Butler, 7th Earl of Carrick Created Baron Butler 8 Jul 1912 See "Carrick"	15 Nov 1873	2 Nov 1931	57
BUTLER OF BROCKWELL
12 Feb 1998	B[L]		Sir Frederick Edward Robin Butler Created Baron Butler of Brockwell for life 12 Feb 1998 PC 2004	3 Jan 1938
BUTLER OF CLOUGHGRENAN
13 May 1662 to     25 Jan 1686	B[I]	1	Lord Richard Butler Created Baron Butler of Cloughgrenan, Viscount Tullogh and Earl of Arran 13 May 1662 Peerage extinct on his death	15 Jun 1639	25 Jan 1686	46
BUTLER OF LANTHONY
20 Jul 1660	B	1	James Butler, 1st Marquess of Ormonde Created Baron Butler of Lanthony and Earl of Brecknock 20 Jul 1660 See "Ormonde" - peerage forfeited 1715	19 Oct 1610	21 Jul 1688	77
20 Jan 1801 to     10 Aug 1820	B	1	Walter Butler, 11th Earl of Ormonde Created Baron Butler of Lanthony 20 Jan 1801 and Marquess of Ormonde Jan 1816 Peerage extinct on his death	4 Feb 1770	10 Aug 1820	50
BUTLER OF MOORE PARK
17 Sep 1666	B	1	Thomas Butler Summoned to Parliament as Baron Butler of Moore Park 17 Sep 1666		30 Jul 1680
30 Jul 1680 to     20 Aug 1715		2	James Butler He succeeded as 3rd Lord Dingwall in 1684 and as 2nd Duke of Ormonde in 1688. He was attainted in 1715 and all peerages forfeited	29 Apr 1665	16 Nov 1745	80
31 Jul 1871 to     18 Jul 1905		3	Francis Thomas de Grey Cowper, 7th Earl Cowper He obtained a reversal of the attainder 31 Jul 1871. The peerage fell into abeyance on his death	11 Jun 1834	18 Jul 1905	71
BUTLER OF SAFFRON WALDEN
19 Feb 1965 to     8 Mar 1982	B[L]		Richard Austen Butler Created Baron Butler of Saffron Walden for life 19 Feb 1965 MP for Saffron Walden 1929‑1965; Minister for Education 1941‑1945; Minister for Labour 1945; Chancellor of the Exchequer 1951‑1955; Lord Privy Seal 1955‑1959; Home Secretary 1957‑1962; First Secretary of State 1962‑1963; Foreign Secretary 1963‑1964; PC 1939; CH 1954; KG 1971 Peerage extinct on his death	9 Dec 1902	8 Mar 1982	79
BUTLER OF TULLEOPHELIM
4 Aug 1603 to     Jan 1613	V[I]	1	Theobald Butler Created Viscount Butler of Tulleophelim 4 Aug 1603 Peerage extinct on his death		Jan 1613
BUTLER OF WESTON
27 Aug 1673 to     25 Jan 1686	B	1	Lord Richard Butler, 1st Earl of Arran Created Baron Butler of Weston 27 Aug 1673 Peerage extinct on his death	15 Jun 1639	25 Jan 1686	46
8 Mar 1693 to     17 Dec 1758	E[I]	1	Charles Butler, 1st Earl of Arran Created Baron Butler of Weston 23 Jan 1694 Peerages extinct on his death	4 Sep 1671	17 Dec 1758	87
BUTLER-SLOSS
13 Jun 2006	B[L]		Dame Ann Elizabeth Oldfield Butler‑Sloss Created Baroness Butler-Sloss for life 13 Jun 2006 Justice of the Court of Appeal 1988‑1999; President of the Family Division of the High Court of Justice 1999‑2005; PC 1988	10 Aug 1933
BUTTERFIELD
10 Aug 1988 to     22 Jul 2000	B[L]		William John Hughes Butterfield Created Baron Butterfield for life 10 Aug 1988 Peerage extinct on his death	28 Mar 1920	22 Jul 2000	80
BUTTERWORTH
15 May 1985 to     19 Jun 200	B[L]		John Blackstock Butterworth Created Baron Butterworth for life 15 May 1985 Peerage extinct on his death	13 Mar 1918	19 Jun 2003	85
BUXTON
11 May 1914 8 Nov 1920 to     15 Oct 1934	V E	1 1	Sydney Charles Buxton Created Viscount Buxton 11 May 1914 and Earl Buxton 8 Nov 1920 MP for Peterborough 1883‑1885 and Poplar 1886‑1914; Postmaster General 1905‑1910; President of the Board of Trade 1910‑1914; Governor General of South Africa 1914‑1920; PC 1905 Peerages extinct on his death	25 Oct 1853	15 Oct 1934	80
BUXTON OF ALSA
11 May 1978 to     1 Sep 2009	B[L]		Aubrey Leland Oakes Buxton Created Baron Buxton of Alsa for life 11 May 1978 Peerages extinct on his death	15 Jul 1918	1 Sep 2009	91
BYERS
22 Dec 1964 to     6 Feb 1984	B[L]		Charles Frank Byers Created Baron Byers for life 22 Dec 1964 MP for Dorset North 1945‑1950; PC 1972 Peerage extinct on his death	24 Jul 1915	6 Feb 1984	68
BYFORD
15 Oct 1996	B[L]		Dame Hazel Byford Created Baroness Byford for life 15 Oct 1996	14 Jan 1941
BYNG OF SOUTHILL
21 Sep 1721	B	1	Sir George Byng Created Baron Byng of Southill and Viscount Torrington 21 Sep 1721 See "Torrington"	27 Jan 1664	17 Jan 1733	68
BYNG OF VIMY
7 Oct 1919 12 Jan 1928 to     6 Jun 1935	B V	1 1	Sir Julian Hedworth George Byng Created Baron Byng of Vimy 7 Oct 1919 and Viscount Byng of Vimy 12 Jan 1928 Governor General of Canada 1921‑1926; Field Marshal 1932 Peerages extinct on his death	11 Sep 1862	6 Jun 1935	72
BYRON
24 Oct 1643	B	1	John Byron Created Baron Byron 24 Oct 1643 The creation included a special remainder (probably the first ever), failing heirs male of his body, to Sir Richard Byron, William Byron, Thomas Byron, Robert Byron, Gilbert Byron and Philip Byron, his six surviving brothers and their heirs male MP for Nottingham 1623‑1625 and 1627	1599	Aug 1652	53
Aug 1652		2	Richard Byron	1606	4 Oct 1679	73
4 Oct 1679		3	William Byron	1636	13 Nov 1695	59
13 Nov 1695		4	William Byron	4 Jan 1669	8 Aug 1736	67
8 Aug 1736		5	William Byron For further information on this peer, see the note at the foot of this page	5 Nov 1722	19 May 1798	75
19 May 1798		6	George Gordon Byron	22 Jan 1788	19 Apr 1824	36
19 Apr 1824		7	George Anson Byron	8 Mar 1789	1 Mar 1868	78
1 Mar 1868		8	George Anson Byron	30 Jun 1818	28 Nov 1870	52
28 Nov 1870		9	George Frederick William Byron	27 Dec 1855	30 Mar 1917	61
30 Mar 1917		10	Frederick Ernest Charles Byron	26 Mar 1861	6 Jun 1949	88
6 Jun 1949		11	Rupert Frederick George Byron	13 Aug 1903	1 Nov 1983	80
1 Nov 1983		12	Richard Geoffrey Gordon Byron	3 Nov 1899	15 Jun 1989	89
15 Jun 1989		13	Robert James Byron	5 Apr 1950

	The special remainder to the Barony of Bruce of Tottenham created in 1746
	From the London Gazette of 15 April 1746 (issue 8528, page 6):-
	The King has been pleased to grant the Dignity of a Baron of the Kingdom of Great Britain unto Charles Earl of Aylesbury and Elgin, by the Name, Stile and Title of Baron Bruce, of Tottenham in the County of Wilts, to him and the Heirs Male of his Body; and in Default of such Issue, to Bruce Brudenell, Esq; Brother to George Earl of Cardigan, and the Heirs Male of his Body.
	Isabella MacDuff, Countess of Buchan, wife of John Comyn, 7th Earl of Buchan of the original creation
	Isabella was the daughter of Duncan MacDuff, Earl of Fife. She married John Comyn, Earl of Buchan, who took the side of the English during the Scottish Wars of Independence. Isabel, however, was a strong supporter of Robert the Bruce. She was betrayed to the English, whereupon Edward I of England sentenced her to be shut up in a cage. The following extract is taken from The Terrific Register; or record of crimes, judgements, providences and calamities [London 1825]:-
	In 1306, the Countess of Buchan, who had been extremely active in the cause of Bruce, and even placed the crown on his head, was, by the command of King Edward [I], shut up in a wooden cage in one of the towers of Berwick Castle; as was Mary, sister to Bruce, in the castle of Roxburgh. The order to the Chamberlain of Scotland, or his lieutenant in Berwick, for making the cage for the Countess of Buchan, was by writ of privy seal; by which he was directed to make in one of the turrets of Berwick upon Tweed, which he should find most convenient, a strong cage of lattice work, constructed with posts and bars, and well strengthened with iron. This cage was to be so constructed that the Countess might have therein necessary conveniences, proper care being taken that it did not lessen the security of her person; that the said Countess being put in this cage, should be so carefully guarded, that she should not by any means go out of it: that a woman or two of the town of Berwick, of unsuspected character, should be appointed to administer her food and drink, and attend her on other occasions; and that he should cause her to be so strictly guarded in the said cage, as not to be permitted to speak to any person, man or woman, of the Scottish nation, or any other, except the woman or women assigned to attend her, and her other guards.
	Matthew of Westminster, a contemporary writer, says, that the king declared, that as she did not strike with a sword, she should not die with the sword, but ordered her to be shut up in a habitation of stone and iron, shaped like a crown, and to be hung out at Berwick in the open air, for a spectacle and everlasting reproach, while living and dead, to all that passed by.
	Isabella was imprisoned in the cage for four years, and then transferred to a Carmelite friary. Her subsequent fate is uncertain, but she probably died about 1314.
	David Stuart Erskine, 13th Earl of Buchan
	The following article was published in The Washington Post of 9 December 1898:-
	Some considerable time is likely to elapse before the eldest son of the old Earl of Buchan … is permitted to assume full-fledged possession of the peerage, or to take part in those elections of Scotch representative Peers which take place in the Palace of Holyrood at Edinburgh at the outset of each new Parliament. For the old Earl, who was a most eccentric and cranky individual, distinguished himself some six or seven years ago by indicting a remarkable letter to the London newspapers, announcing that he had appealed to the committee of privileges of the House of Lords to take note of the fact that his first marriage to the mother of his eldest son was not legal.
	The late Lord Buchan, there is every reason to believe, made these allegations from a feeling of revenge, being exceedingly embittered against his son because of the latter having refused to avert his bankruptcy a short time previously. The old Lord spent nearly his entire life in hot water and in the early portion of his career earned a precarious livelihood as a professional jockey. His first wife found life so unbearable that she left him, and died when her eldest boy was twenty-five years of age. A few months afterward Lord Buchan married again, this time a widow. But the match was not a happy one, and she soon parted from him. He likewise figured as co-respondent in a couple of divorce cases, and what with these and ridiculous lawsuits which he was constantly bringing against people he managed to keep his name pretty well before the public.
	About twenty years ago [actually in 1872] he surrendered the whole of his heavily-mortgaged estates to his eldest son, Lord Cardross, who had some money of his own by his mother and through his wife, in consideration of Lord Cardross paying his debts and settling upon him an annuity [of £500 p.a.]. Subsequently, oil was discovered on the estates which, consequently, largely increased in value, whereupon the old Earl regretted his bargain, and tried to get them back again. Failing in this, he went in for all sorts of extravagance, largely exceeding his annuity. He not only went to the extent of indorsing other people's notes, but actually, in spite of his age, got himself heavily mulcted in damages as a co-respondent in a divorce case, and then borrowed money at extravagant interest from the notorious money-lender, Jay, in London, in order to meet this liability.
	Small wonder if his eldest son, who had never forgotten or forgiven the manner in which his mother had been maltreated by the old Earl, permitted his father to be made a bankrupt [in 1894] rather than to pay his debts [£388] afresh. It was in consequence of this that the Earl wrote the letter … insisting that his first marriage to the mother of his eldest son was illegal, and that Lord Cardross was therefore illegitimate.
	The Lords of Buchan … have always been eccentric. The eleventh Earl of Buchan, for instance, when appointed by Prime Minister Pitt as Secretary to the British Embassy in Spain, calmly declined to proceed to Madrid because the Ambassador, Sir James Gray, was a person of too low social rank and too plebeian ancestry.
	The author of this article adds, as a delightful postscript, that the new Earl of Buchan, until now known as Lord Cardross, is celebrated as possessing the smallest head in point of size of any man in London.
	The Buckhurst Peerage remainder
	From the London Gazette of 26 April 1864 (issue 22848, page 2280):-
	The Queen has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, granting the dignity of a Baroness unto Elizabeth, Countess De La Warr, by the name, style, and title of Baroness Buckhurst, in the county of Sussex, during her life, with remainder after her decease, of the dignity of Baron Buckhurst, of Buckhurst, in the county of Sussex, unto the Honourable Reginald Windsor Sackville West, now second surviving son of the said Elizabeth, Countess De La Warr, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, with other remainders over.
	The other remainders referred to were that failing the heirs male of Reginald Windsor Sackville West, a special remainder to her 3rd, 4th, and 5th surviving sons by her husband in like manner respectively; and with a proviso that if any person taking under these letters patent "shall succeed to the Earldom of De la Warr, and there shall upon, or at any time after, the occurrence of such an event be any younger son or any heir male of the body of any such other son, then and so often as the same shall happen the succession to the Honours and dignities thereby created shall devolve upon the son of the said Elizabeth, Countess De la Warr, or the heir who would next be entitled to succeed to the said dignity of Baron Buckhurst, if the person so succeeding to the Earldom of De la Warr was dead without issue male."
	That is to say that, following the death of Baroness Buckhurst, the peerage would descend to her second surviving son and the heirs male of his body, and contained a proviso that, in the event of such second son becoming Earl de la Warr, the peerage would then devolve upon her next youngest son. This remainder was designed so as to attempt to ensure that the barony of Buckhurst would 'jump' to an heir who was not the direct heir to the earldom of de la Warr, but what it failed to do was to take into account the possibility that the barony might jump from one holder to another during the lifetime of the then current Earl de la Warr, with the result that the earldom became inherited by persons nearer and nearer in blood to the holder of the barony.
	At the time of the creation of this peerage, Baroness Buckhurst had five surviving sons. The eldest surviving son, Charles, inherited the Earldom of de la Warr on the death of his father in 1869. On the death of his mother in January 1870, the Barony of Buckhurst was inherited by Charles's next brother, Reginald, since he was the second surviving son of the Baroness.
	When the 6th Earl de la Warr died in 1873, the earldom was inherited by his next brother, Reginald, who had previously inherited the barony of Buckhurst. Under the remainder to the peerage, it would seem that, when Reginald succeeded to the earldom, the barony should then have passed to the next youngest son, Mortimer.
	Mortimer claimed the barony of Buckhurst under the terms of the remainder, but Reginald argued that the Crown did not have the power to divest him of an hereditary dignity he had once enjoyed. The case was heard by the House of Lords Committee for Privileges in July 1876. It was held that the proviso outlined above was incapable of operating so as to give the barony to Mortimer. Reginald, having succeeded to the barony, could not have it taken away from him and given to another. The Committee found that, if the object of the proviso was to prevent the dignity of Earl de la Warr and Baron Buckhurst being held together by the same person, then the Crown had no power to grant a dignity with such a shifting and transferrable quality. They were therefore of the opinion that the barony of Buckhurst, having been inherited by Reginald, did not transfer to Mortimer once Reginald had succeeded to the earldom of de la Warr. As a result, the barony of Buckhurst has remained since that time as a subsidiary title of the Earls de la Warr.
	Mortimer, however, did not have to endure his disappointment for very long, as less than three months later, he was created Baron Sackville as a consolation prize.
	For another example of a 'jumping' remainder, see the earldom of Selkirk.
	Augustus Charles Hobart ["Hobart Pasha"], 3rd son of the 6th Earl of Buckinghamshire
	The following biography of Hobart Pasha appeared in the October 1955 issue of the Australian monthly magazine Parade:-
	A rocket, soaring high in the darkness, threw a glow over the Danube one moonless night in April, 1877, revealing a tiny Turkish gunboat slipping like a phantom down the broad surface of the river. War had just flared between Turkey and Russia. The river was the frontier between opposing armies. With shots hurling spouts of water all round it, the venomous little craft steamed on to the safety of the open waters of the Black Sea. On the bridge was the defiant bearded figure of Hobart Pasha, rebellious son of an English earl, whose family gave its name to the thriving city of Hobart, in Tasmania.
	Hobart Pasha, Admiral of the Sultan's fleet, was one of the most astonishing sailors of fortune of the 19th century. The Hobart family had been producing wealthy and sober English squires for centuries, when the stormy petrel Augustus Charles Hobart was born third son of the sixth Earl of Buckinghamshire, at Walton, Leicestershire, on April Fool's Day, 1822. He was the dunce of his school, and, at the tender age of 14, was shipped to sea as midshipman in the 18-gun frigate, Rover.
	His early experiences bred a hatred of cast-iron navy discipline. Hobart's first captain was a sadistic bully who flogged his steward because the pea-soup was lukewarm, and once had his entire boat's crew lashed because they kept him waiting five minutes on Devonport's pier-head. Hobart left the ship after one voyage to study at the Naval College. In 1842 he was lieutenant in the squadron cruising off South America. The squadron's task was to hunt slave traders in the South Atlantic. Scores of fast sailing ships, their holds crammed with half-starved negroes, ferried the wretched slaves from Africa to Brazil, the Argentine and Central America.
	Young Augustus Hobart became feared as the most daring officer in the anti-slavery service. Cutlass in hand, he led his boat crews into uncharted inlets on the South American coast, forcing the slavers to burn, abandon or run their ships aground. Hobart's gallantry was as notorious ashore as afloat. At a ball in Buenos Aires he fell in love with a 16-years-old Spanish beauty, eloped with her to a country estate, where they were pursued and caught by her furious parents. At Rio de Janeiro, Hobart acted as second to a fellow-officer who killed in a pistol duel a Brazilian rival for the hand of another senorita. In British Guiana he landed in more serious trouble. Complaining that life in Demerara, the capital, was "so damned, dismally dull", he fell in love with the Governor's daughter. He challenged her official suitor to a duel by flinging a pack of cards in his face and shot him through the leg. The Governor kept his daughter prisoner in her room, and angrily demanded that Hobart be sent back to Britain under arrest. Hobart had to leave his squadron in disgrace.
	Back in London, the youthful Earl's son found his anti-slaving triumphs had made him a popular hero. Young Queen Victoria read of his exploits and had him transferred to the Royal Yacht where he served for a year. Hobart, however, was itching for more active service than piloting royalty. After serving at Malta and in the North Sea, he had his chance with the outbreak of the Crimean War in 1854. He was given command of a ship in the Baltic Fleet, which was designed to batter its way past the great fort of Kronstadt into the harbour of St. Petersburg.
	The expedition, led by the timid Admiral [Sir Charles] Napier, was a fiasco. The fleet scurried off from Kronstadt after firing a few salvoes, and contented itself with leisurely shelling Helsinki and other ports in the Gulf of Finland. Hobart led a daring raid of small ships on the Åland Islands [during this campaign, a young sailor named Charles Davis Lucas threw a live enemy shell overboard before it could explode, a deed for which he was awarded the first ever Victoria Cross.]
	Peace found Hobart discontented by slow promotion and the "spit-and-polish" routine of navy life. When, in 1862, he gained the rank of captain, he asked to be placed on the navy reserve on half pay. Adventure was beckoning from across the Atlantic. The Northern and Southern States of America were locked in bloody civil war. From the Chesapeake to New Orleans, Abraham Lincoln's Northern navy had proclaimed a blockade of the Southern coasts.
	Every article on which the South depended had to run the gauntlet of the blockade - from muskets and gunpowder for the grey-clad armies to fashions for the Southern Belles. Southern cotton to pay for the imports was piling up on the quays of Charleston and Savannah. Nassau, in the British Bahamas, was the headquarters of the blockade runners. Here, in the booming town thronged with rich merchants, Yankee spies, Southern agents and escaped slaves, they fitted out the fast ships that darted in and out of the Southern ports under the noses of the Northern cruisers.
	To Nassau came Captain Augustus Hobart R.N. (retd.), bringing with him a handpicked crew and the 400-tons steamer Don, chartered in Liverpool, and the fastest ship on the American coast.
	In her holds was a strange but profitable cargo. It comprised 1000 pairs of women's corsets, bought in Glasgow for 1s 1d each and sold in Charleston, South Carolina for 12s each. There were crates of toothbrushes, "Cockle's antibilious pills", blankets, shoes and hardware - none of which brought a profit of less than 700 per cent. In return, Hobart and other blockade-runners bought cotton in the Southern ports for 3d a lb., and sold it to the Lancashire spinning mills for 2s 6d.
	Often Hobart eluded capture by daredevil navigation. Twice he tried to steam up-river to Savannah, Georgia, where £50,000 worth of cotton was piled up. The first time, he passed enemy forts only to run full speed into treacherous shoals and sandbanks. Three days later he made another attempt. This time he almost collided with a waiting Northern cruiser and had to run for the Bahamas. For two days the ships raced through a hurricane. When the Don's coal was exhausted, Hobart and his crew hacked cabin fittings, spars, oars and hemp cable to feed the furnaces. The Don limped into the safety of Nassau with her engines dying only a few hundred yards ahead of the enemy cruiser.
	A year later Hobart was back in England. His crew was riddled with yellow fever. The Southern cause was collapsing. General Sherman's famous march had cut the Confederate states in half. Though Hobart had salted away a handsome fortune, he was soon wandering restlessly again. In 1867, he set out on a European tour, during which he visited Constantinople with a letter of introduction to Fuad Pasha, Grand Vizier of Turkey. It was the turning point of his life.
	The island of Crete, long groaning under Turkish oppression, was wracked by rebellion, aided and supplied by sympathisers in Greece. Hobart told the distracted Grand Vizier: "Give me a command in the Turkish fleet and I'll break the revolt in a month". Hobart got the job. Hoisting his flag on an ancient wooden frigate, he arrived off Suda Bay and took command of a Turkish squadron of six ironclads. With them he hunted the ships running arms from Greece. His blockade was so effective that, within a month, the starving and unarmed Cretan rebels swarmed from the mountains to surrender. Defying international law, Hobart chased the blockade runners right into Greek harbours, ignoring the Grand Vizier's frightened protests that he would provoke war with Greece.
	His outrageous actions staggered the British Admiralty. As a Reserve List officer, he was peremptorily ordered to return to Britain, or his name would be erased from the Navy List. Hobart telegraphed the Admiralty: "Erase and be damned". The name of Captain Hobart promptly disappeared from the rolls. He delighted Sultan of Turkey, however, raised Hobart to the rank of Pasha and "Naval Adviser". Within a few years he was an Admiral, Chief of Staff of the Turkish Navy, and special A.D.C. to the Sultan himself.
	With fiery energy, he reorganised the Sultan's decrepit navy. He founded a naval college and gunnery school and ordered new ships from British yards. To the corrupt bureaucrats of Constantinople, the bearded Briton was a strange demon of honesty, efficiency and hard work. They hated him and intrigued ceaselessly to oust him from the Sultan's favour. Gradually the value of his work filtered through to Whitehall. In 1874, the Foreign Secretary, Lord Derby asked the Admiralty to restore Hobart's name to the Navy List "as a matter of Imperial policy".
	Three years later in 1877, the long-smouldering war between Russia and Turkey in the Balkans burst into open flame. The Turkish army occupied Bulgaria; the Russians marched into Romania and threatened to sweep over the Danube. Hobart Pasha was at Galatz, 100 miles upstream from the Black Sea mouth of the Danube, when war broke out. He had been sent there to reorganise the feeble Turkish river defences. He was at once recalled to take personal command of the fleet. The war ended in Turkish defeat on land. Hobart could do nothing to redress the balance on sea for the Russian Admiral refused to leave Odessa and risk battle with him.
	The scapegrace son of English earl however, still dreamed of a crushing counter-attack on Russia with Britain as an ally. He visited London in 1880 and tried to open negotiations with Whitehall. Gladstone's Government, stirred by the Turkish atrocities in Armenia, abruptly rejected his proposals. For the second time, Hobart's name was struck off the Navy List. It was not restored till the year of his death.
	In 1881 Hobart was appointed Marshal of the Turkish Empire - the first Christian ever to hold the position. He continued to work untiringly for his cherished plan for a British alliance, but his health was failing rapidly. He spent the winter of 1885‑6 on the French Riviera, and died on the way home at Milan, Italy, on June 19, 1886. The Sultan sent a warship to bring his body from Genoa. He was buried with magnificent pomp on Turkish soil at Scutari.
	Henry Seymour Berry, 1st and only Baron Buckland
	Lord Buckland was killed in May 1928 while riding his horse. The following report on the subsequent inquest appeared in The Scotsman on 25 May 1928:-
	A verdict of accidental death was returned yesterday at the inquest on Lord Buckland, the Welsh Peer, who was killed on Wednesday morning when he came into collision with a telephone post while out riding with his groom.
	Harry J. Weaver, an elderly stud groom, said Lord Buckland started out on his usual morning gallop over the estate. "Lord Buckland was talking to me about his horses as we went along. We were then galloping round a meadow. I had replied to a question. Lord Buckland was looking over his shoulder at me, and said - "What's that?" At that moment I noticed that his mare was making straight for the telephone post, and I called out at once, "Mind the pole, my Lord". The next thing that happened was that the mare swerved. My master seemed to lose his balance, and he collided head first with the post. He was hurled to the ground, and the mare galloped onwards. I rode up to him and dismounted. Lord Buckland was lying motionless on his back."
	The Coroner - Was he conscious? - He never breathed a word, and made no movement. He seemed to have died instantly. I went to loosen his collar, but I saw that he was dead.
	The Coroner - Was there anything peculiar about the mare? - No. She was perfectly quiet, and Lord Buckland had her under perfect control.
	Was Lord Buckland an experienced horseman? - Yes.
	Weaver said the accident was due to the fact that Lord Buckland had turned his head over his shoulder, and did not see the telephone post in his path.
	A doctor said death, which must have been instantaneous, was caused by a compound fracture of the skull.
	Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts, Baroness Burdett-Coutts
	The activity commonly known as stalking first came to the attention of the general public during the 1980s when a series of well-known celebrities suddenly found themselves the target of one or more adoring, but obsessed, fans. In general terms, stalking involves one person's obsessive behaviour toward another person, motivated by either intense affection or intense hatred. Stalkers exhibit an irrational mania to pursue their quarry and, in extreme cases, the stalker's behaviour may turn to violence, generally without warning or apparent reason. Stalking can be a terrifying experience for victims, leading to psychological trauma and possible physical harm. The subject of stalking has been the central theme of a number of famous films and books, including The Phantom of the Opera, Fatal Attraction, Les Miserables and The Cable Guy.
	In England, the act of stalking was criminalised in 1997 by the Protection from Harassment Act. Notwithstanding the apparent rise in stalking in recent years, stalking has been practised for centuries, one of its earlier victims being Angela Georgina Burdett-Coutts, later Baroness Burdett-Coutts.
	In 1837, at the age of 23, Angela became the wealthiest woman in England when she inherited the estate of her grandfather. Not surprisingly, she became a notable subject of public curiosity, and received numerous offers of marriage. Unfortunately for Angela, one particular man went further.
	Richard Dunn was a lawyer who, around 1838, became infatuated with Angela who, at the time, was single and had no knowledge of or interest in Dunn. He initially wrote to Angela a letter in which the language used was later described in court as 'strange'. Angela simply threw the letters out, on the basis that they appeared to have been written by someone who was apparently insane. Over the next two years, Dunn escalated his campaign; he followed Angela whenever she left her house, he attempted to commence conversations with her and continually wrote letters to her. Finally, in June 1840, Angela took action against Dunn, charging him with breach of the peace. Dunn was forced to enter into a £500 surety to keep the peace and stay away from Angela.
	However, Dunn continued unabashed. He wrote further letters and started to follow her again. A second surety was sought and obtained, but this time Dunn became violent and had to be restrained by court officials. He was sent to prison, but was later released because of a defect in the committal warrant. Again, he harassed Angela, accosting her while out walking. A servant was summoned to protect her and Dunn followed her to the house where she had taken refuge. The police were called in and Dunn was arrested, but to no avail, as Dunn immediately sought a writ of habeas corpus.
	In a most unjust decision, Dunn's application was successful. The court refused to draw any inferences from the evidence presented to it. Their argument was that the evidence in the case did not allege any threats against Angela and that it was not their role to infer such a threat. This is equivalent to saying that, because Dunn had not physically threatened Angela, nothing could be done until he did so, surely a remarkably short-sighted interpretation of the law.
	In June 1846, Dunn was charged with perjury, based on an alleged false affidavit made in the Court of Bankruptcy by Dunn which stated that Angela Burdett-Coutts owed Dunn £100,000. In February 1847, Dunn was found guilty and sentenced to 18 months imprisonment.
	The special remainder to the Barony of Burton
	From the London Gazette of 30 November 1897 (issue 26915, page 7172):-
	The Queen has been pleased to direct Letters Patent to be passed under the Great Seal of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, granting the dignity of a Baron of the said United Kingdom unto Michael Arthur, Baron Burton, and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten, by the name, style, and title of Baron Burton, of Burton-on-Trent and of Rangemore, both in the county of Stafford, to hold to him and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten; and, in default of such issue male, to hold the name, style, and title of Baroness Burton, of Burton-on-Trent and of Rangemore, to Nellie Lisa Baillie, wife of James Evan Bruce Baillie, of Dochfour, in the county of Inverness, Esquire, only daughter of the said Michael Arthur, Baron Burton, and after her decease to hold the name, style, and title of Baron Burton, of Burton-on-Trent and of Rangemoor aforesaid, to, the heirs male lawfully begotten of the body of the said Nellie Lisa Baillie.
	William Byron, 5th Baron Byron
	Byron was known as 'the Wicked Lord' or 'Devil Byron'. In the mid-1760s, when aged in his early 40s, Byron began to spiral downwards into constant scandal and eventual madness.
	On 26 January 1765, after an argument as to the best method to preserve game, Byron killed his cousin, William Chaworth, in a duel which took place at the Star and Garter Tavern in Pall Mall in London. Byron and Chaworth duelled with swords in an empty and dimly-lit room at the tavern, where Byron ran his sword through Chaworth's stomach, causing Chaworth's death the next day. Byron was subsequently tried by his peers on 16 and 17 April 1765 and found guilty of manslaughter 'and as, by an old statute, peers are, in all cases where [benefit of] clergy is allowed, to be dismissed without burning in the hand, loss of inheritance, or corruption of blood, his Lordship was immediately dismissed on paying his fees'. For a full account of the duel, see The Annual Register … for 1765 on pages 208-212.
	After this let-off, Byron became increasingly eccentric. On one occasion, while out driving, he is reported to have became embroiled in an argument with his coachman. The story goes that Byron shot him and took over the reins himself.
	The event which appears to have finally tipped Byron over the edge of insanity was the elopement of his son, also William, with his cousin Juliana, daughter of Lord Byron's younger brother, Admiral John Byron. The 5th Baron felt that the marriage of the cousins would produce insane children and, as a result, he strongly opposed the marriage. When his son defied his wishes, the 5th Baron set out to ruin his son's inheritance; he laid waste to his property, let his house fall into disrepair, cut down all the timber on the property and killed all * and when his grandson was killed in Corsica in 1794, the 5th Baron's legacy of poverty was inherited by the eventual 6th Baron, the famous poet Lord Byron.
	The Byron family lived at Newstead Abbey, near Nottingham. According to local tradition, the owner of Newstead Abbey was cursed, in that he would never have a son to inherit the property. The tradition states that the 5th Baron, while carrying out some building operations at Newstead Abbey, happened to come upon the remains of one of the former Abbots of the Abbey. He permitted the Abbot's bones to be re-interred, apart from the skull, which he had converted into a drinking-cup. As a result, a curse was passed upon him to the effect that he would die without leaving any male issue to inherit the estate, and it was further added that, as long as the skull remained unburied, there would never be any direct male heir to inherit Newstead Abbey. The 5th Baron's son and grandson both predeceased him and Newstead Abbey passed to the poet and distant relative, the 6th Baron Byron. In November 1817, the 6th Baron sold Newstead Abbey to Thomas Wildman, who died childless in 1859. The property was then sold to William Frederick Webb, who, shortly after taking possession of the property, found the drinking-cup in a silversmith's shop in London. Being aware of the story of the curse, he immediately purchased the cup and caused it to be reverently re-interred within the precincts of the Abbey. It is interesting to note that, prior to purchasing the Abbey, Webb had become the father of four daughters and that it was only after the cup had been re-interred that his two sons were born.

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