PEERAGES | ||||||
Last updated 20/05/2018 (18 Jan 2024) | ||||||
Date | Rank | Order | Name | Born | Died | Age |
CASTLEROSSE | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
12 Feb 1798 3 Jan 1801 |
B[I] V[I] |
1 1 |
Valentine Browne Created Baron Castlerosse and Viscount Kenmare 12 Feb 1798, and Viscount Castlerosse and Earl of Kenmare 3 Jan 1801 See "Kenmare" |
Jan 1754 | 3 Oct 1812 | 58 |
CASTLE STEWART | ||||||
7 Nov 1619 | B[I] | 1 | Andrew Stewart Created Baron Castle Stewart 7 Nov 1619 |
1560 | Jan 1629 | 68 |
Jan 1629 | 2 | Sir Andrew Stewart, 1st baronet | 30 Mar 1639 | |||
30 Mar 1639 | 3 | Andrew Stewart | Aug 1650 | |||
Aug 1650 | 4 | Josias Stewart | 2 Dec 1662 | |||
2 Dec 1662 | 5 | John Stewart On his death the title remained dormant for 89 years, but the succession was - |
1685 | |||
1685 | [6] | Robert Stewart | Mar 1686 | |||
Mar 1686 | [7] | Andrew Stewart | 1672 | 1715 | 43 | |
1715 | [8] | Robert Stewart | 3 Mar 1700 | 2 Mar 1742 | 41 | |
2 Mar 1742 20 Dec 1793 29 Dec 1800 |
V[I] E[I] |
[9] 1 1 |
Andrew Thomas Stewart‑Moore Created Viscount Castle Stewart 20 Dec 1793 and Earl Castle Stewart 29 Dec 1800 He proved his right to the Barony in 1774 |
29 Aug 1725 | 26 Aug 1809 | 83 |
26 Aug 1809 | 2 | Robert Stewart | 19 Aug 1784 | 10 Jun 1854 | 69 | |
10 Jun 1854 | 3 | Edward Stewart | 11 Sep 1807 | 20 Feb 1857 | 49 | |
20 Feb 1857 | 4 | Charles Andrew Knox Stewart | 23 Apr 1810 | 12 Sep 1874 | 64 | |
12 Sep 1874 | 5 | Henry James Stuart‑Richardson | 21 Mar 1837 | 5 Jun 1914 | 77 | |
5 Jun 1914 | 6 | Andrew John Stuart | 21 Dec 1841 | 7 Nov 1921 | 79 | |
7 Nov 1921 | 7 | Arthur Stuart MP for Harborough 1929‑1933 For further information on the death of this peer, see the note at the foot of this page |
6 Aug 1889 | 5 Nov 1961 | 72 | |
5 Nov 1961 | 8 | Arthur Patrick Avondale Stuart | 18 Aug 1928 | 21 Nov 2023 | 95 | |
21 Nov 2023 | 9 | Andrew Richard Charles Stuart | 7 Oct 1953 | |||
CASTLETON | ||||||
11 Jul 1627 | V[I] | 1 | Sir Nicholas Saunderson, 1st baronet Created Baron Saunderson and Viscount Castleton 11 Jul 1627 MP for Gainsborough and Lincoln |
c 1561 | 17 May 1630 | |
17 May 1630 | 2 | Nicholas Saunderson | 13 Nov 1640 | |||
13 Nov 1640 | 3 | Nicholas Saunderson | 1625 | 1641 | 16 | |
1641 | 4 | Peregrine Saunderson | 1628 | 1650 | 22 | |
1650 | 5 | George Saunderson MP for Lincolnshire 1660‑1698 |
12 Oct 1631 | 27 May 1714 | 82 | |
27 May 1714 2 Jul 1716 18 Jun 1720 to 23 May 1723 |
V E |
6 1 1 |
James Saunderson Created Baron Saunderson 19 Oct 1714, Viscount Castleton 2 Jul 1716 and Earl Castleton 18 Jun 1720 MP for Newark 1698‑1701 and 1701‑1710 Peerages extinct on his death |
c 1667 | 23 May 1723 | |
CASTLETOWN | ||||||
10 Dec 1869 | B | 1 | John Wilson Fitzpatrick Created Baron Castletown 10 Dec 1869 MP for Queen's County 1837‑1841, 1847‑1852 and 1865‑1869; Lord Lieutenant Queen's County 1855‑1883; PC [I] 1848 |
23 Sep 1811 | 22 Jan 1883 | 71 |
22 Jan 1883 to 29 May 1937 |
2 | Bernard Edward Barnaby Fitzpatrick MP for Portarlington 1880‑1883; KP 1907; PC [I] 1908 Peerage extinct on his death For information on an incident in this peer's life, see the note at the foot of this page |
22 Jul 1849 | 29 May 1937 | 87 | |
CATHCART | ||||||
c 1460 | B[S] | 1 | Sir Alan Cathcart Created Lord Cathcart c 1460 |
by 1499 | ||
by 1499 | 2 | John Cathcart | Dec 1535 | |||
Dec 1535 | 3 | Alan Cathcart | 10 Sep 1547 | |||
10 Sep 1547 | 4 | Alan Cathcart | c 1537 | Dec 1618 | ||
Dec 1618 | 5 | Alan Cathcart | c 1600 | 18 Aug 1628 | ||
18 Aug 1628 | 6 | Alan Cathcart | 1628 | 13 Jun 1709 | 80 | |
13 Jun 1709 | 7 | Alan Cathcart | 1648 | 19 Oct 1732 | 84 | |
19 Oct 1732 | 8 | Charles Cathcart | 1686 | 20 Dec 1740 | 54 | |
20 Dec 1740 | 9 | Charles Schaw Cathcart KT 1763; PC 1768 |
21 Mar 1721 | 14 Aug 1776 | 55 | |
14 Aug 1776 9 Nov 1807 16 Jul 1814 |
V E |
10 1 1 |
William Schaw Cathcart Created Baron Greenock and Viscount Cathcart 9 Nov 1807 and Earl Cathcart 16 Jul 1814 Lord Lieutenant Clackmannan 1794‑1798 and 1801‑1803; PC 1798; PC [I] 1803; KT 1805 |
31 Aug 1755 | 16 Jun 1843 | 87 |
16 Jun 1843 | 2 | Charles Murray Cathcart Governor General of Canada 1846 |
21 Dec 1783 | 16 Jul 1859 | 75 | |
16 Jul 1859 | 3 | Alan Frederick Cathcart | 15 Nov 1828 | 30 Oct 1905 | 76 | |
30 Oct 1905 | 4 | Alan Cathcart | 16 Mar 1856 | 2 Sep 1911 | 55 | |
2 Sep 1911 | 5 | George Cathcart | 26 Jun 1862 | 19 Nov 1927 | 65 | |
19 Nov 1927 | 6 | Alan Cathcart | 22 Aug 1919 | 15 Jun 1999 | 79 | |
15 Jun 1999 | 7 | Charles Alan Andrew Cathcart [Elected hereditary peer 2007-] |
30 Nov 1952 | |||
CATHERLOUGH | ||||||
7 Jan 1715 | M[I] | 1 | Thomas Wharton, 1st Earl of Wharton Created Baron of Trim, Earl of Rathfarnham and Marquess of Catherlough 7 Jan 1715, and Marquess of Wharton and Marquess of Malmesbury 15 Feb 1715 See "Wharton" - extinct 1731 |
23 Oct 1648 | 12 Apr 1715 | 66 |
4 Oct 1733 to 26 Aug 1762 |
B[I] | 1 | John Fane Created Baron Catherlough 4 Oct 1733 He succeeded as 7th Earl of Westmorland in 1736. Barony extinct on his death |
24 Mar 1686 | 26 Aug 1762 | 76 |
16 May 1763 to 30 Mar 1772 |
E[I] | 1 | Robert Knight Created Baron Luxborough 8 Aug 1745, Viscount Barrells and Earl of Catherlough 16 May 1763 MP for Great Grimsby 1734‑1747 and 1762‑1768, Castle Rising 1747‑1754 and Milborne Port 1770‑1772 Peerages extinct on his death |
17 Dec 1702 | 30 Mar 1772 | 69 |
CATTO | ||||||
24 Feb 1936 | B | 1 | Sir Thomas Siveright Catto, 1st baronet Created Baron Catto 24 Feb 1936 Governor of the Bank of England 1944‑1949; PC 1947 |
15 Mar 1879 | 23 Aug 1959 | 80 |
23 Aug 1959 | 2 | Stephen Gordon Catto | 14 Jan 1923 | 3 Sep 2001 | 78 | |
3 Sep 2001 | 3 | Innes Gordon Catto | 7 Aug 1950 | |||
CAUTLEY | ||||||
14 Jul 1936 to 21 Sep 1946 |
B | 1 | Sir Henry Struther Cautley, 1st baronet Created Baron Cautley 14 Jul 1936 MP for Leeds East 1900‑1906 and East Grinstead 1910‑1936 Peerage extinct on his death |
9 Dec 1863 | 21 Sep 1946 | 82 |
CAVAN | ||||||
17 Feb 1618 | B[I] | 1 | Oliver Lambart Created Lord Lambart, Baron of Cavan 17 Feb 1618 |
23 May 1618 | ||
23 May 1618 |
E[I] |
2 1 |
Charles Lambart Created Viscount Kilcoursie and Earl of Cavan 1 Apr 1647 MP for Bossinney 1625 and 1627 |
Mar 1600 | 25 Jun 1660 | 60 |
25 Jun 1660 | 2 | Richard Lambart | c 1690 | |||
c 1690 | 3 | Charles Lambart | 7 Sep 1649 | 5 Dec 1702 | 53 | |
5 Dec 1702 | 4 | Richard Lambart PC [I] 1729 |
10 Mar 1742 | |||
10 Mar 1742 | 5 | Ford Lambart | 1718 | 29 Sep 1772 | 54 | |
29 Sep 1772 | 6 | Richard Lambart | 2 Nov 1778 | |||
2 Nov 1778 | 7 | Richard Ford William lambart | 10 Sep 1763 | 21 Nov 1837 | 74 | |
21 Nov 1837 | 8 | Frederick John William Lambart | 30 Dec 1815 | 15 Dec 1887 | 71 | |
15 Dec 1887 | 9 | Frederick Edward Gould Lambart MP for Somerset South 1885‑1892; PC 1886; KP 1894 |
21 Oct 1839 | 14 Jul 1900 | 60 | |
14 Jul 1900 | 10 | Frederick Rudolph Lambart Field Marshal 1932; KP 1916 |
16 Oct 1865 | 28 Aug 1946 | 80 | |
28 Aug 1946 | 11 | Horace Edward Samuel Lambart | 25 Aug 1878 | 9 Dec 1950 | 72 | |
9 Dec 1950 | 12 | Michael Edward Oliver Lambart | 29 Oct 1911 | 17 Nov 1988 | 77 | |
17 Nov 1988 | 13 | Roger Cavan Lambart | 1 Sep 1944 | |||
CAVE | ||||||
14 Nov 1918 to 29 Mar 1928 |
V | 1 | Sir George Cave Created Viscount Cave 14 Nov 1918 MP for Kingston upon Thames 1906‑1918; Solicitor General 1915; Home Secretary 1916‑1919; Lord of Appeal in Ordinary 1919‑1922; Lord Chancellor 1922‑1924 and 1924‑1928; PC 1915 Peerage extinct on his death. He was about to be advanced to an Earldom when he died and as a result his widow was created Countess Cave of Richmond (see below) |
23 Feb 1856 | 29 Mar 1928 | 72 |
CAVE OF RICHMOND | ||||||
8 May 1928 to 7 Jan 1938 |
E | 1 | Anne Estella Sarah Penfold Cave Created Countess Cave of Richmond 8 May 1928 Peerage extinct on her death For information on this peeress, see the note at the foot of this page |
7 Jan 1938 | ||
CAVENDISH OF BOLSOVER | ||||||
7 Mar 1628 | B | 1 | William Cavendish Created Viscount Mansfield 3 Nov 1620, Baron Cavendish and Earl of Newcastle upon Tyne 7 Mar 1628, Marquess of Newcastle on Tyne 27 Oct 1643 and Duke of Newcastle 16 Mar 1665 See "Newcastle upon Tyne" |
16 Dec 1593 | 25 Dec 1676 | 83 |
CAVENDISH OF FURNESS | ||||||
17 May 1990 | B[L] | Richard Hugh Cavendish Created Baron Cavendish of Furness for life 17 May 1990 |
2 Nov 1941 | |||
CAVENDISH OF HARDWICK | ||||||
4 May 1605 | B | 1 | William Cavendish Created Baron Cavendish of Hardwick 4 May 1605 He was subsequently created Earl of Devonshire in 1618 |
27 Dec 1552 | 3 Mar 1626 | 73 |
13 Jun 1751 | William Cavendish He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of Acceleration as Baron Cavendish of Hardwick 13 Jun 1751 He succeeded as Duke of Devonshire in 1755 |
1720 | 2 Oct 1764 | 44 | ||
CAVENDISH OF KEIGHLEY | ||||||
10 Sep 1831 | E | 1 | George Augustus Henry Cavendish Created Baron Cavendish of Keighley and Earl of Burlington 10 Sep 1831 See "Burlington" |
21 Mar 1754 | 4 May 1834 | 80 |
CAVENDISH OF LITTLE VENICE | ||||||
6 Sep 2016 | B[L] | Camilla Hilary Cavendish Created Baroness Cavendish of Little Venice for life 6 Sep 2016 |
20 Aug 1968 | |||
CAVERSHAM | ||||||
8 May 1718 to 17 Jul 1726 |
V | 1 | William Cadogan Created Baron Cadogan of Oakley, Viscount Caversham and Earl Cadogan 8 May 1718 See "Cadogan" - peerage extinct 1726 |
1670 | 17 Jul 1726 | 56 |
CAWDOR | ||||||
21 Jun 1796 | B | 1 | John Campbell Created Baron Cawdor 21 Jun 1796 MP for Nairnshire 1777‑1780 and Cardigan District of Boroughs 1780‑1796 |
24 Apr 1755 | 1 Jun 1821 | 65 |
1 Jun 1821 6 Oct 1827 |
E |
2 1 |
John Frederick Campbell Created Viscount Emlyn and Earl Cawdor 6 Oct 1827 MP for Carmarthen 1813‑1821; Lord Lieutenant Carmarthen 1852‑1860 |
8 Nov 1790 | 7 Nov 1860 | 69 |
7 Nov 1860 | 2 | John Frederick Vaughan Campbell MP for Pembrokeshire 1841‑1860; Lord Lieutenant Carmarthen 1861‑1898 |
11 Jul 1817 | 29 Mar 1898 | 80 | |
29 Mar 1898 | 3 | Frederick Archibald Vaughan Campbell MP for Carmarthenshire 1874‑1885; Lord Lieutenant Pembroke 1896‑1911; First Lord of the Admiralty 1905; PC 1905 |
13 Feb 1847 | 8 Feb 1911 | 63 | |
8 Feb 1911 | 4 | Hugh Frederick Vaughan Campbell | 21 Jun 1870 | 7 Jan 1914 | 43 | |
7 Jan 1914 | 5 | John Duncan Vaughan Campbell | 17 May 1900 | 9 Jan 1970 | 69 | |
9 Jan 1970 | 6 | Hugh John Vaughan Campbell | 6 Sep 1932 | 20 Jun 1993 | 60 | |
20 Jun 1993 | 7 | Colin Robert Vaughan Campbell | 30 Jun 1962 | |||
CAWLEY | ||||||
16 Jan 1918 | B | 1 | Sir Frederick Cawley, 1st baronet Created Baron Cawley 16 Jan 1918 MP for Prestwich 1895‑1918; Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1916‑1918; PC 1916 |
9 Oct 1850 | 30 Mar 1937 | 86 |
30 Mar 1937 | 2 | Robert Hugh Cawley | 16 May 1877 | 24 Sep 1954 | 77 | |
24 Sep 1954 | 3 | Frederick Lee Cawley | 27 Jul 1913 | 13 Apr 2001 | 87 | |
13 Apr 2001 | 4 | John Francis Cawley | 28 Sep 1946 | |||
CAYZER | ||||||
8 Feb 1982 to 16 Apr 1999 |
B[L] | Sir William Nicholas Cayzer, 2nd baronet Created Baron Cayzer for life 8 Feb 1982 Peerage extinct on his death |
21 Jan 1910 | 16 Apr 1999 | 89 | |
CECIL OF CHELWOOD | ||||||
24 Dec 1923 to 24 Nov 1958 |
V | 1 | Edgar Algernon Robert Gascoyne Cecil Created Viscount Cecil of Chelwood 24 Dec 1923 MP for Marylebone East 1906‑1910 and Hitchin 1911‑1923' Minister for Blockade 1916‑1918' Lord Privy Seal 1923‑1924; Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1924‑1927; Nobel Peace Prize 1937; PC 1915; CH 1956 Peerage extinct on his death |
14 Sep 1864 | 24 Nov 1958 | 94 |
CECIL OF ESSENDON | ||||||
13 Aug 1603 | B | 1 | Sir Robert Cecil Created Baron Cecil of Essendon 13 Aug 1603, Viscount Cranborne 20 Aug 1604 and Earl of Salisbury 4 May 1605 See "Salisbury" |
1 Jun 1563 | 24 May 1612 | 48 |
Jan 1941 | Robert Arthur James Gascoyne‑Cecil He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of Acceleration as Baron Cecil of Essendon in Jan 1941 He succeeded as Marquess of Salisbury in 1947 |
27 Aug 1893 | 23 Feb 1972 | 78 | ||
1992 | Robert Michael James Cecil He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of Acceleration as Baron Cecil of Essendon and Viscount Cranborne in 1992 He succeeded as Marquess of Salisbury in 2003 |
30 Sep 1946 | ||||
CECIL OF PUTNEY | ||||||
9 Nov 1625 to 16 Nov 1638 |
V | 1 | Sir Edward Cecil Created Baron Cecil of Putney and Viscount Wimbledon 9 Nov 1625 Peerages extinct on his death |
29 Feb 1572 | 16 Nov 1638 | 66 |
CHADLINGTON | ||||||
16 Oct 1996 | B[L] | Peter Selwyn Gummer Created Baron Chadlington for life 16 Oct 1996 |
24 Aug 1942 | |||
CHAKRABARTI | ||||||
6 Sep 2016 | B[L] | Shami Chakrabarti Created Baroness Chakrabarti for life 6 Sep 2016 PC 2018 |
16 Jun 1969 | |||
CHALFONT | ||||||
11 Nov 1964 to 10 Jan 2020 |
B[L] | Alun Arthur Gwynne Jones Created Baron Chalfont for life 11 Nov 1964 Minister of State, Foreign & Commonwealth Office 1964‑1970; PC 1964 Peerage extinct on his death |
5 Dec 1919 | 10 Jan 2020 | 100 | |
CHALKER OF WALLASEY | ||||||
24 Apr 1992 | B[L] | Lynda Chalker Created Baroness Chalker of Wallasey for life 24 Apr 1992 MP for Wallasey 1974‑1992; Minister of State, Transport 1983‑1986; Minister of State, Overseas Development 1986‑1989; Minister of Overseas Development 1989‑1997; PC 1987 |
29 Apr 1942 | |||
CHALMERS | ||||||
24 Apr 1919 to 17 Nov 1938 |
B | 1 | Sir Robert Chalmers Created Baron Chalmers 24 Apr 1919 Governor of Ceylon 1913‑1916; PC [I] 1916 Peerage extinct on his death |
18 Aug 1858 | 17 Nov 1938 | 80 |
CHAMPION | ||||||
11 May 1962 to 2 Mar 1985 |
B[L] | Arthur Joseph Champion Created Baron Champion for life 11 May 1962 MP for Derbyshire South 1945‑1950 and Derbyshire South East 1950‑1959; PC 1967 Peerage extinct on his death |
26 Jul 1897 | 2 Mar 1985 | 87 | |
CHAN | ||||||
2 Jun 2001 to 21 Jan 2006 |
B[L] | Michael Chew Koon Chan Created Baron Chan for life 2 Jun 2001 Peerage extinct on his death |
6 Mar 1940 | 21 Jan 2006 | 65 | |
CHANDOS | ||||||
20 Dec 1337 to 1353 |
B | 1 | Roger de Chandos Summoned to Parliament as Lord Chandos 20 Dec 1337 Peerage extinct on his death |
1353 | ||
8 Apr 1554 | B | 1 | John Brydges Created Baron Chandos 8 Apr 1554 MP for Gloucestershire 1529‑1536 |
9 Mar 1492 | 12 Apr 1557 | 65 |
12 Apr 1557 | 2 | Edmund Brydges MP for Gloucester 1553; Lord Lieutenant Gloucester 1559; KG 1572 |
by 1520 | 12 Mar 1573 | ||
12 Mar 1573 | 3 | Giles Brydges MP for Cricklade 1571 and Gloucester 1572; Lord Lieutenant Gloucester 1586 |
1548 | 21 Feb 1594 | 45 | |
21 Feb 1594 | 4 | William Brydges MP for Cricklade 1572 and Gloucester 1585‑1587 |
18 Nov 1602 | |||
18 Nov 1602 | 5 | Grey Brydges Lord Lieutenant Gloucester 1614 |
by 1583 | 10 Aug 1621 | ||
10 Aug 1621 | 6 | George Brydges | 9 Aug 1620 | Feb 1655 | 34 | |
Feb 1655 | 7 | William Brydges | 22 Aug 1676 | |||
22 Aug 1676 | 8 | Sir James Brydges, 3rd baronet | Sep 1642 | 16 Oct 1714 | 72 | |
16 Oct 1714 29 Apr 1719 |
D |
9 1 |
James Brydges Created Viscount Wilton and Earl of Carnarvon 19 Oct 1714, and Marquess of Carnarvon and Duke of Chandos 29 Apr 1719 MP for Hereford 1698‑1714; Lord Lieutenant Hereford 1721‑1741 and Radnor 1721‑1744; PC 1721 |
6 Jan 1673 | 9 Aug 1744 | 71 |
9 Aug 1744 | 2 | Henry Brydges MP for Hereford 1727‑1734, Steyning 1734‑1741 and Bishops Castle 1741‑1744 For further information on this peer's second wife, see the note at the foot of this page |
1 Feb 1708 | 28 Nov 1771 | 63 | |
28 Nov 1771 to 29 Sep 1789 |
3 | James Brydges, 7th Lord Kinloss MP for Winchester 1754‑1761 and Radnorshire 1761‑1768; Lord Lieutenant Hampshire 1763‑1764; PC 1775 Peerages extinct on his death |
16 Dec 1731 | 29 Sep 1789 | 57 | |
4 Feb 1822 | M | 1 | Richard Temple-Nugent-Brydges-Chandos-Grenville, 2nd Marquess of Buckingham Created Earl Temple of Stowe, Marquess of Chandos and Duke of Buckingham & Chandos 4 Feb 1822 See "Buckingham & Chandos" |
20 Mar 1776 | 17 Jan 1839 | 62 |
9 Sep 1954 | V | 1 | Oliver Lyttelton Created Viscount Chandos 9 Sep 1954 MP for Aldershot 1940‑1954; President of the Board of Trade 1940‑1941; Minister of War Production 1941‑1945; Secretary of State for Colonies 1951‑1954; PC 1940; KG 1970 |
15 Mar 1893 | 21 Jan 1972 | 78 |
21 Jan 1972 | 2 | Anthony Alfred Lyttelton | 23 Oct 1920 | 28 Nov 1980 | 60 | |
28 Nov 1980 | 3 | Thomas Orlando Lyttelton Created Baron Lyttelton of Aldershot 19 Apr 2000 |
12 Feb 1953 | |||
CHANNING OF WELLINGBOROUGH | ||||||
9 Jul 1912 to 20 Feb 1926 |
B | 1 | Sir Francis Allston Channing, 1st baronet Created Baron Channing of Wellingborough 9 Jul 1912 MP for Northamptonshire East 1885‑1910 Peerage extinct on his death |
21 Mar 1841 | 20 Feb 1926 | 84 |
CHAPLIN | ||||||
20 Jun 1916 | V | 1 | Henry Chaplin Created Viscount Chaplin 20 Jun 1916 MP for Lincolnshire Mid 1868‑1885, Sleaford 1885‑1906 and Wimbledon 1907‑1916; Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1885‑1886; President of the Board of Agriculture 1889‑1892; President of the Local Government Board 1895‑1900; PC 1885 For further information on this peer, see the note at the foot of the page containing details of the Marquessate of Hastings |
22 Dec 1840 | 29 May 1923 | 82 |
29 May 1923 | 2 | Eric Chaplin | 27 Sep 1877 | 12 Sep 1949 | 71 | |
12 Sep 1949 to 18 Dec 1981 |
3 | Anthony Freskin Charles Hamby Chaplin Peerage extinct on his death |
14 Dec 1906 | 18 Dec 1981 | 75 | |
CHAPMAN | ||||||
24 Jun 2004 to 3 Sep 2009 |
B[L] | Nicola Jane Chapman Created Baroness Chapman for life 24 Jun 2004 Peerage extinct on her death |
3 Aug 1961 | 3 Sep 2009 | 48 | |
CHAPMAN OF DARLINGTON | ||||||
1 Feb 2021 | B[L] | Jennifer Chapman Created Baroness Chapman of Darlington for life 1 Feb 2021 MP for Darlington 2010‑2019 |
25 Sep 1973 | |||
CHAPPLE | ||||||
4 Feb 1985 to 19 Oct 2004 |
B[L] | Frank Joseph Chapple Created Baron Chapple for life 4 Feb 1985 Peerage extinct on his death |
8 Aug 1921 | 19 Oct 2004 | 83 | |
CHARLEMONT | ||||||
22 Dec 1620 | B[I] | 1 | Toby Caulfeild Created Lord Caulfeild, Baron of Charlemont 22 Dec 1620 |
2 Dec 1565 | 17 Aug 1627 | 61 |
17 Aug 1627 | 2 | William Caulfeild | c 1587 | 4 Dec 1640 | ||
4 Dec 1640 | 3 | Toby Caulfeild For further information on the death of this peer, see the note at the foot of this page |
Sep 1621 | 1 Mar 1642 | 20 | |
1 Mar 1642 | 4 | Robert Caulfeild | 1622 | 1642 | 20 | |
1642 8 Oct 1665 |
V[I] |
5 1 |
William Caulfeild Created Viscount Charlemont 8 Oct 1665 PC [I] 1660 |
1624 | Apr 1671 | 46 |
Apr 1671 | 2 | William Caulfeild PC [I] 1726 |
21 Jul 1726 | |||
21 Jul 1726 | 3 | James Caulfeild MP [I] for Charlemont 1703‑1705 and 1713‑1726 |
29 Jul 1682 | 21 Apr 1734 | 51 | |
21 Apr 1734 23 Dec 1763 |
E[I] |
4 1 |
James Caulfeild Created Earl of Charlemont 23 Dec 1763 PC [I] 1783; KP 1783 |
18 Aug 1728 | 4 Aug 1799 | 70 |
4 Aug 1799 13 Feb 1837 |
B |
5 2 1 |
Francis William Caulfeild Created Baron Charlemont [UK] 13 Feb 1837 For details of the special remainder included in the creation of this peerage, see the note at the foot of this page MP [I] for Armagh County 1798‑1799; Lord Lieutenant Tyrone 1839‑1863; PC [I] 1831; KP 1831 |
3 Jan 1775 | 26 Dec 1863 | 88 |
26 Dec 1863 to 12 Jan 1892 |
6 3 2 |
James Molyneux Caulfeild MP for Armagh 1847‑1857; Lord Lieutenant Armagh 1849‑1864 and Tyrone 1864‑1892; KP 1865 On his death the Earldom and UK Barony became extinct whilst the other peerages passed to - |
10 Oct 1820 | 12 Jan 1892 | 71 | |
12 Jan 1892 | 7 | James Alfred Caulfeild | 20 Mar 1830 | 4 Jul 1913 | 83 | |
4 Jul 1913 | 8 | James Edward Geale Caulfeild PC [NI] 1926 |
12 May 1880 | 30 Aug 1949 | 69 | |
30 Aug 1949 | 9 | Charles Edward St. George Caulfeild | 12 Jul 1887 | 18 Jan 1964 | 76 | |
18 Jan 1964 | 10 | Robert Toby St. George Caulfeild | 30 Sep 1881 | 26 Nov 1967 | 86 | |
26 Nov 1967 | 11 | Charles St. George Caulfeild | 23 Nov 1884 | 18 Nov 1971 | 86 | |
18 Nov 1971 | 12 | Richard William St. George Caulfeild | 13 Mar 1887 | 18 Jun 1979 | 92 | |
18 Jun 1979 | 13 | Charles Wilberforce Caulfeild | 10 Mar 1899 | 14 Sep 1985 | 86 | |
14 Sep 1985 | 14 | John Day Caulfeild | 19 Mar 1934 | 10 Nov 2001 | 67 | |
10 Nov 2001 | 15 | John Dodd Caulfeild | 15 May 1966 | |||
CHARLEVILLE | ||||||
23 Jun 1718 to 27 Feb 1754 |
B[I] | 1 | Sir John Brownlow Created Baron Charleville and Viscount Tyrconnel 23 Jun 1718 Peerages extinct on his death |
16 Nov 1690 | 27 Feb 1754 | 63 |
16 Sep 1758 to 17 Feb 1764 |
E[I] | 1 | Charles Moore, 2nd Baron Moore of Tullamore Created Earl of Charleville 16 Sep 1758 PC [I] 1746 Peerages extinct on his death |
24 Jan 1712 | 17 Feb 1764 | 52 |
29 Dec 1800 16 Feb 1806 |
V[I] E[I] |
1 1 |
Charles William Bury Created Baron Tullamore 29 Dec 1797, Viscount Charleville 29 Dec 1800 and Earl of Charleville 16 Feb 1806 MP [I] for Kilmallock 1790 and 1792‑1798 |
30 Jun 1764 | 31 Oct 1835 | 71 |
31 Oct 1835 | 2 | Charles William Bury MP for Carlow 1826‑1831 and Penryn & Falmouth 1832‑1835 |
29 Apr 1801 | 14 Jul 1851 | 50 | |
14 Jul 1851 | 3 | Charles William George Bury | 8 Mar 1822 | 19 Jan 1859 | 36 | |
19 Jan 1859 | 4 | Charles William Francis Bury | 16 May 1852 | 3 Nov 1874 | 22 | |
3 Nov 1874 to 26 Jun 1875 |
5 | Alfred Bury Peerages extinct on his death |
19 Feb 1829 | 26 Jun 1875 | 46 | |
CHARNWOOD | ||||||
29 Jun 1911 | B | 1 | Godfrey Rathbone Benson Created Baron Charnwood 29 Jun 1911 MP for Woodstock 1892‑1895 |
6 Nov 1864 | 3 Feb 1945 | 80 |
3 Feb 1945 to 1 Feb 1955 |
2 | John Roby Benson Peerages extinct on his death |
31 Aug 1901 | 1 Feb 1955 | 53 | |
CHARTERIS OF AMISFIELD | ||||||
7 Feb 1978 to 23 Dec 1999 |
B[L] | Sir Martin Michael Charles Charteris Created Baron Charteris of Amisfield for life 7 Feb 1978 PC 1972 Peerage extinct on his death |
7 Sep 1913 | 23 Dec 1999 | 86 | |
CHARTRES | ||||||
7 Nov 2017 | B[L] | Richard John Carew Chartres Created Baron Chartres for life 7 Nov 2017 Bishop of London 1995‑2017; PC 1995 |
11 Jul 1947 | |||
CHATFIELD | ||||||
4 Jun 1937 | B | 1 | Sir Alfred Ernle Montacute Chatfield Created Baron Chatfield 4 Jun 1937 Admiral of the Fleet 1935; OM 1939; PC 1939 |
27 Sep 1873 | 15 Nov 1967 | 94 |
15 Nov 1967 to 30 Sep 2007 |
2 | Ernle David Lewis Chatfield Peerage extinct on his death |
2 Jan 1917 | 30 Sep 2007 | 90 | |
CHATHAM | ||||||
4 Dec 1761 | B | 1 | Hester Pitt Created Baroness Chatham 4 Dec 1761 |
8 Nov 1720 | 2 Apr 1803 | 82 |
2 Apr 1803 to 24 Sep 1835 |
2 | John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham (see below) Peerage extinct on his death |
9 Oct 1756 | 24 Sep 1835 | 78 | |
4 Aug 1766 | E | 1 | William Pitt Created Viscount Pitt and Earl of Chatham 4 Aug 1766 MP for Old Sarum 1735‑1747, Seaford 1747‑1754, Aldborough 1754‑1756, Okehampton 1756‑1757 and Bath 1757‑1766; Secretary of State 1756‑1757 and 1757‑1761; Lord Privy Seal 1766‑1768 and 1768; PC 1746 |
15 Nov 1708 | 11 May 1778 | 69 |
11 May 1778 to 24 Sep 1835 |
2 | John Pitt First Lord of the Admiralty 1788‑1794; Lord Privy Seal 1794‑1798; Lord President of the Council 1796‑1801; PC 1789; KG 1790 Peerage extinct on his death |
9 Oct 1756 | 24 Sep 1835 | 78 | |
CHATTISHAM | ||||||
13 Jul 1945 to 24 Aug 1945 |
B | 1 | Sir William Brass Created Baron Chattisham 13 Jul 1945 MP for Clitheroe 1922‑1945 Peerage extinct on his death |
11 Feb 1886 | 24 Aug 1945 | 59 |
CHAVENT | ||||||
29 Dec 1299 to 1302 |
B | 1 | Peter de Chavent Summoned to Parliament as Lord Chavent 29 Dec 1299 Peerage extinct on his death |
1302 | ||
CHAWORTH | ||||||
6 Feb 1299 to after 1299 |
B | 1 | Thomas Chaworth Summoned to Parliament as Lord Chaworth 6 Feb 1299 Peerage extinct on his death |
c 1225 | after 1299 | |
CHAWORTH OF ARMAGH | ||||||
4 Mar 1628 | V[I] | 1 | George Chaworth Created Baron Chaworth and Viscount Chaworth of Armagh 4 Mar 1628 |
3 Jul 1639 | ||
3 Jul 1639 | 2 | John Chaworth | Jun 1644 | |||
Jun 1644 to Jun 1693 |
3 | Patrick Chaworth Peerage extinct on his death |
20 Jun 1635 | Jun 1693 | 58 | |
CHAWORTH OF EATON HALL | ||||||
10 Sep 1831 | B | 1 | John Chambre Brabazon, 10th Earl of Meath Created Baron Chaworth of Eaton Hall 10 Sep 1831 See "Meath" |
9 Apr 1772 | 15 Mar 1851 | 78 |
CHEDWORTH | ||||||
12 May 1741 | B | 1 | John Howe Created Baron Chedworth 12 May 1741 MP for Gloucester 1727 and Wiltshire 1729‑1741 |
by 1690 | 3 Apr 1742 | |
3 Apr 1742 | 2 | John Thynne Howe Lord Lieutenant Gloucester 1758‑1762 |
18 Feb 1714 | 9 May 1762 | 48 | |
9 May 1762 | 3 | Henry Frederick Howe | 17 Feb 1715 | 7 Oct 1781 | 66 | |
7 Oct 1781 to 29 Oct 1804 |
4 | John Howe Peerage extinct on his death |
22 Aug 1754 | 29 Oct 1804 | 50 | |
CHELMER | ||||||
31 Jan 1963 to 3 Mar 1997 |
B[L] | Eric Cecil Boyd Edwards Created Baron Chelmer for life 31 Jan 1963 Peerage extinct on his death |
9 Oct 1914 | 3 Mar 1997 | 82 | |
CHELMSFORD | ||||||
1 Mar 1858 | B | 1 | Sir Frederic Thesiger Created Baron Chelmsford 1 Mar 1858 MP for Woodstock 1840‑1844, Abingdon 1844‑1852 and Stamford 1852‑1858; Solicitor General 1844; Attorney General 1845‑1846 and 1852; Lord Chancellor 1858‑1859 and 1866‑1868; PC 1858 |
15 Apr 1794 | 5 Oct 1878 | 84 |
5 Oct 1878 | 2 | Frederic Augustus Thesiger | 21 May 1827 | 9 Apr 1905 | 77 | |
9 Apr 1905 | V |
3 1 |
Frederic John Napier Thesiger Created Viscount Chelmsford 3 Jun 1921 Governor of Queensland 1905‑1909 and New South Wales 1909‑1913; Viceroy of India 1916‑1921; First Lord of the Admiralty 1924; PC 1916 |
12 Aug 1868 | 1 Apr 1933 | 64 |
1 Apr 1933 | 2 | Andrew Charles Gerald Thesiger | 25 Jul 1903 | 27 Sep 1970 | 67 | |
27 Sep 1970 | 3 | Frederic Jan Thesiger | 7 Mar 1931 | 15 Dec 1999 | 68 | |
15 Dec 1999 | 4 | Frederic Corin Piers Thesiger | 6 Mar 1962 | |||
CHELSEA | ||||||
27 Dec 1800 | V | 1 | Charles Sloane Cadogan Created Viscount Chelsea and Earl Cadogan 27 Dec 1800 See "Cadogan" |
29 Sep 1728 | 3 Apr 1807 | 78 |
CHELWOOD | ||||||
7 May 1974 to 6 Apr 1989 |
B[L] | Sir Tufton Victor Hamilton Beamish Created Baron Chelwood for life 7 May 1974 MP for Lewes 1945‑1974; MEP 1973‑1974 Peerage extinct on his death |
27 Jan 1917 | 6 Apr 1989 | 72 | |
CHERLETON | ||||||
26 Jul 1313 | B | 1 | John Cherleton Summoned to Parliament as Lord Cherleton 26 Jul 1313 |
1268 | 1353 | 85 |
1353 | 2 | John Cherleton | 1360 | |||
1360 | 3 | John Cherleton | 1334 | 13 Jul 1374 | 40 | |
13 Jul 1374 | 4 | John Cherleton | 25 Apr 1362 | 19 Oct 1401 | 39 | |
19 Oct 1401 to 14 Mar 1421 |
5 | Edward Cherleton KG c 1407 On his death peerage fell into abeyance |
1371 | 14 Mar 1421 | 49 | |
CHERWELL | ||||||
4 Jul 1941 26 Jun 1956 to 3 Jul 1957 |
B V |
1 1 |
Frederick Alexander Lindemann Created Baron Cherwell 4 Jul 1941 and Viscount Cherwell 26 Jun 1956 PC 1943; CH 1953 Peerages extinct on his death |
5 Apr 1886 | 3 Jul 1957 | 71 |
CHESHAM | ||||||
15 Jan 1858 | B | 1 | Charles Compton Cavendish Created Baron Chesham 15 Jan 1858 MP for Aylesbury 1814‑1818, Newtown 1821‑1830, Yarmouth IOW 1831‑1832, Sussex East 1832‑1841, Youghal 1841‑1847 and Buckinghamshire 1847‑1857 |
28 Aug 1793 | 10 Nov 1863 | 70 |
10 Nov 1863 | 2 | William George Cavendish MP for Peterborough 1847‑1852 and Buckinghamshire 1857‑1863 |
29 Oct 1815 | 26 Jun 1882 | 66 | |
26 Jun 1882 | 3 | Charles Compton William Cavendish PC 1901 For information on the death of this peer, see the note at the foot of this page |
13 Dec 1850 | 9 Nov 1907 | 56 | |
9 Nov 1907 | 4 | John Compton Cavendish | 13 Jun 1894 | 26 Apr 1952 | 57 | |
26 Apr 1952 | 5 | John Charles Compton Cavendish PC 1964 |
18 Jun 1916 | 23 Dec 1989 | 73 | |
23 Dec 1989 | 6 | Nicholas Charles Cavendish | 7 Nov 1941 | 27 Aug 2009 | 67 | |
27 Aug 2009 | 7 | Charles Gray Compton Cavendish | 11 Nov 1974 | |||
CHESHIRE | ||||||
17 Jul 1991 to 31 Jul 1992 |
B[L] | Geoffrey Leonard Cheshire VC Created Baron Cheshire for life 17 Jul 1991 OM 1981 Peerage extinct on his death For further information on this VC winner, see the note at the foot of this page |
7 Sep 1917 | 31 Jul 1992 | 74 | |
CHESTER | ||||||
1071 | E | 1 | Hugh D'Avranches Created Earl of Chester 1071 |
27 Jul 1101 | ||
27 Jul 1101 to 25 Nov 1120 |
2 | Richard D'Avranches Peerage extinct on his death |
1094 | 25 Nov 1120 | 26 | |
1121 | E | 1 | Randolph le Meschin Created Earl of Chester 1121 |
c 1129 | ||
c 1129 | 2 | Randolph de Gernon | by 1100 | 16 Dec 1153 | ||
16 Dec 1153 | 3 | Hugh de Kevelioc | 1147 | 1181 | 34 | |
1181 to 26 Oct 1232 |
4 | Randolph de Blondeville On his death the peerage apparently reverted to the Crown |
c 1172 | 26 Oct 1232 | ||
21 Nov 1232 to 7 Jun 1237 |
E | 1 | John le Scot, Earl of Huntingdon and Cambridge Created Earl of Chester 21 Nov 1232 On his death the peerage reverted to the Crown |
c 1207 | 7 Jun 1237 | |
14 Feb 1254 to 1272 |
E | 1 | Edward Plantagenet Created Earl of Chester 14 Feb 1254 Son of Henry III He succeeded to the throne as Edward I when the peerage reverted to the Crown |
17 Jun 1239 | 8 Jul 1307 | 68 |
24 Dec 1264 to 4 Aug 1265 |
E | 1 | Simon de Montfort, Earl of Leicester Created Earl of Chester 24 Dec 1264 On his death the peerage was forfeited |
4 Aug 1265 | ||
[1284] to [19 Aug 1284] |
E | 1 | Alphonso Plantagenet said to have been designated Earl of Chester 1284 ? Peerage (if such ever existed) extinct on his death |
22 Nov 1273 | 19 Aug 1284 | 10 |
7 Feb 1301 to 8 Jul 1307 |
E | 1 | Edward Plantagenet Created Earl of Chester 7 Feb 1301 He succeeded to the throne as Edward II when the peerage reverted to the Crown |
25 Apr 1284 | 25 Jan 1327 | 42 |
24 Nov 1312 to 25 Jan 1327 |
E | 1 | Edward Plantagenet Created Earl of Chester 24 Nov 1312 He succeeded to the throne as Edward III when the peerage reverted to the Crown |
13 Nov 1312 | 21 Jun 1377 | 64 |
Subsequent creations of the Earldom of Chester were associated with the Dukedom of Cornwall | ||||||
CHESTERFIELD | ||||||
29 May 1660 to 9 Apr 1667 |
E[L] | Catherine Stanhope Created Countess of Chesterfield for life 29 May 1660 Peerage extinct on her death |
9 Apr 1667 | |||
4 Aug 1628 | E | 1 | Philip Stanhope Created Baron Stanhope of Shelford 7 Nov 1616 and Earl of Chesterfield 4 Aug 1628 |
1584 | 12 Sep 1656 | 72 |
12 Sep 1656 | 2 | Philip Stanhope PC 1681 |
1634 | 28 Jan 1714 | 79 | |
28 Jan 1714 | 3 | Philip Stanhope | 3 Feb 1673 | 15 Feb 1726 | 53 | |
15 Feb 1726 | 4 | Philip Dormer Stanhope MP for St. Germans 1715‑1722 and Lostwithiel 1722‑1723; Lord Lieutenant of Ireland 1745‑1746; Secretary of State 1746‑1748; PC 1728; KG 1730 For information on this peer's possible involvement in the "Great Bottle Hoax" of 1749, see the note under "Montagu" |
22 Sep 1694 | 24 Mar 1773 | 78 | |
24 Mar 1773 | 5 | Philip Stanhope Lord Lieutenant Buckingham Jan‑Apr 1782; Postmaster General 1790; PC 1784; KG 1805 |
10 Nov 1755 | 29 Aug 1815 | 59 | |
29 Aug 1815 | 6 | George Stanhope PC 1834 |
23 May 1805 | 1 Jun 1866 | 51 | |
1 Jun 1866 | 7 | George Philip Cecil Arthur Stanhope MP for Nottinghamshire South 1860‑1866 |
28 Sep 1831 | 1 Dec 1871 | 40 | |
1 Dec 1871 | 8 | George Philip Stanhope | 29 Nov 1822 | 19 Oct 1883 | 60 | |
19 Oct 1883 | 9 | Sir Henry Edwyn Chandos Scudamore‑Stanhope, 3rd baronet | 8 Apr 1821 | 21 Jan 1887 | 65 | |
21 Jan 1887 | 10 | Edwyn Francis Scudamore‑Stanhope PC 1894; KG 1915 |
5 Mar 1854 | 24 Jan 1933 | 78 | |
24 Jan 1933 | 11 | Henry Athole Scudamore‑Stanhope | 29 May 1855 | 2 Nov 1935 | 80 | |
2 Nov 1935 | 12 | Edward Henry Scudamore‑Stanhope | 9 Feb 1889 | 2 Aug 1952 | 63 | |
2 Aug 1952 to 15 Aug 1967 |
13 | James Richard Stanhope, 7th Earl Stanhope He had previously succeeded as 7th Earl Stanhope in 1905. Peerages extinct on his death |
11 Nov 1880 | 15 Aug 1967 | 86 | |
CHESTERFORD | ||||||
30 Dec 1706 | B | 1 | Henry Howard Created Baron Chesterford and Earl of Bindon 30 Dec 1706 See "Bindon" - this peerage extinct 1722 |
1670 | 19 Sep 1718 | 48 |
CHETWODE | ||||||
10 Jul 1945 | B | 1 | Sir Philip Walhouse Chetwode, 7th baronet Created Baron Chetwode 10 Jul 1945 Field Marshal 1933; OM 1936 |
21 Sep 1869 | 6 Jul 1950 | 80 |
6 Jul 1950 | 2 | Philip Chetwode | 26 Mar 1937 | |||
Arthur Stuart, 7th Earl of Castle Stewart | ||
The 7th Earl committed suicide in November 1961. The following account of the inquest into the Earl's death appeared in The Irish Times of 8 November 1961:- | ||
A butler told Dr. A.C. Somerville, the East Sussex coroner, at East Grinstead yesterday that after he had found the 72-year-old Earl of Castle Stewart dead in his study, he picked up the 12-bore hammerless shotgun that was lying by his side and cleaned it. The earl's seat was at Stewartstown, co. Tyrone. | ||
The coroner said that it was clear that the earl had killed himself, but the butler, Mr. Frederick Taylor, had seriously interfered with the evidence. | ||
He recorded a verdict of suicide while the balance of the mind was disturbed on the earl, who lived at Old Lodge, Nutley, Sussex. | ||
Dr. A. Sachs, consultant pathologist to Queen Victoria Hospital, East Grinstead, told the coroner that the earl had died from a gun shot in the mouth. Shotgun pellets had been found in his skull. | ||
Lady Castle Stewart said that last July her husband had been under several doctors and in hospital with depression and melancholia. He was allowed home on October 21st, but still appeared very depressed. | ||
The butler, Mr. Taylor, who had been with the earl for seven years, told the coroner that the earl asked him for a gun on November 5th. He gave him his 12-bore hammerless shotgun. He then asked for some cartridges and loaded the gun, setting the safety catch. | ||
When the countess told him that the earl had killed himself he took the gun from the study, emptied it, cleaned it, and put it back in its case. He now realised that it was a stupid thing to do. | ||
Dr. A.C. Rumsey, the earl's doctor since 1947, said that the earl had asked him a few days earlier if it would be a cowardly action to take his own life. | ||
Bernard Edward Barnaby Fitzpatrick, 2nd and last Baron Castletown | ||
The following story which tells of an incident that happened to Lord Castletown appeared in the Adelaide Advertiser on 8 March 1924:- | ||
Lord Castletown, one of the most versatile and accomplished members of the peerage, has (says the "News of the World") a great gift of vivid narrative. He is one of the most travelled members of the aristocracy, and it is not without interest to recall that he fought with the Household Cavalry at Tel-el-Kebir [during the Anglo-Egyptian War on 13 September 1882]. In the current number of the "Parish Paper" of the Church of St. Jude‑on‑the‑Hill, Hampstead, he relates with wonderful vividness a tragic affair which happened on the [French] Riviera. | ||
"In the morning I was sitting on a bench at Monaco, on the Riviera, looking over the blue Mediterranean, and wondering how anyone could be foolish enough to live in our fog‑ridden climate when so much sunlight and beauty could be obtained within a few hours of London. Presently I walked into the Casino, which was in full swing, and there my curiosity was attracted by a tall, rather handsome lady in black, accompanied by a small, bandy-legged man, apparently her husband. They were playing at one of the tables. I watched them for some time, and saw that they were losing heavily. They were there again in the afternoon, the luck still against them. As they left the table the man walked up to me and said courteously, in excellent English, "Monsieur seems to take an interest in our bad fortune. Will he honour us by having tea with us?" I was delighted to accept, and we walked to their villa on the cliffs to the west of the town, where we had an excellent tea. They were an Italian couple, members of a distinguished family; but though the villa was luxuriously furnished, I noticed they had only one servant, an old woman. After dinner I walked down from my hotel to the sea. The beach in the moonlight was almost as bright as day, and as I passed under the villa of my new friends I saw them standing on the balcony looking out over the Mediterranean. Then, as I was gazing upwards, the man suddenly seized the woman, and, in spite of her struggles, hurled her over the railings. She fell almost at my feet. A moment after, the man threw himself after her. He was killed on the spot, but she lingered, and, resting in my arms, told me how they had lost all, and determined on suicide. She had hesitated, and he had hurled her over first, and then died himself. As she passed away in her death agony the bells of all the churches were ringing in Christmas Day, and those two poor souls went to their Maker as Christ was born into the world." | ||
Anne Estella Sarah Penfold Cave, Countess Cave of Richmond | ||
The Scotsman, 12 May 1928:- | ||
It was announced in last night's "London Gazette" that the King has been pleased by Letters Patent under the Great Seal of the Realm, bearing date of 8th inst., to grant the dignity of a Countess of the United Kingdom unto Anne Estella Sarah Penfold, Viscountess Cave, widow of the Right Honourable George, Viscount Cave, G.C.M.G., by the name, style, and title of Countess Cave of Richmond, and at her decease the dignity of an Earl of the said United Kingdom to the heirs male of her body lawfully begotten by the name, style and title of Earl Cave of Richmond. | ||
Lord Cave, who left no heir, died on March 29 within twenty-four hours of his resignation of the office of Lord Chancellor. That resignation was the consequence of an illness which was so soon to prove fatal. The announcement that he had resigned was accompanied by an intimation of the King's intention to bestow upon him an Earldom of the United Kingdom. The immediate death of Lord Cave, however, precluded the possibility of the issue of the necessary Letters Patent. Last night's announcement, therefore, that his widow had been created a Countess in her own right will occasion to surprise. There are, of course, many precedents for the bestowal upon the widow of a distinguished public man of an honour for which her husband had been designated, but which he did not live to enjoy. | ||
Henry Brydges, 2nd Duke of Chandos | ||
Chandos married three times; his first marriage was in 1728 to Mary Bruce, daughter of the 3rd Earl of Ailesbury. She died, after 10 years of marriage, on 14 August 1738. However, it is with his second marriage that we are more concerned. | ||
The following is taken from Notes and Queries [4th series, no. 6, 27 August 1870]. | ||
The Duke of Chandos and a companion dined at the Pelican, Newbury, on their way to London. After dinner there was a stir and a bustle in the inn yard, and the explanation was "A man is going to sell his wife, and they are leading her up the yard with a halter round her neck". "We will go and see the sale," said the duke to his companion. They did so. The duke was smitten with her beauty and patient acquiescence in a process which would (as then supposed) set her free from the power of a harsh and ill‑conditioned husband. He bought her, and married her on Christmas Day, 1744. His first wife had died [in] 1738, but whether at that time the duke was a widower, or whether a considerable time intervened between the date of her purchase and her becoming Duchess of Chandos, does not appear. | ||
The lady the Duke had purchased was Anne Jeffries, nee Wells, and she was described as a 'chambermaid at the Pelican Inn, Newbury'. She died in August 1759, leaving a daughter. The Duke married a third time, in 1767, Elizabeth Major, daughter of Sir John Major, 1st baronet. | ||
Toby Caulfeild, 3rd Baron Charlemont | ||
According to the article in Wikipedia, "the Irish Rebellion of 1641 began as an attempted coup d'état by Irish Catholic gentry, but developed into inter-communal violence between native Irish and English and Scottish Protestant settlers, starting a conflict known as the Irish Confederate Wars. The rising was sparked by Catholic fears of an impending invasion of Ireland by anti-Catholic forces of the English Long Parliament and the Scottish Covenanters. In turn, the rebel's suspected association with the King of England, Scotland and Ireland, Charles I, exacerbated the situation leading up to, and ultimately resulting in, the start of the English Civil War. The Irish rebellion broke out in October 1641, and was followed by several months of violent chaos in Ireland before the Irish Catholic upper classes and clergy formed the Catholic Confederation in the summer of 1642. The Confederation became a de facto government of most of Ireland, free from the control of the English state and loosely aligned with the Royalist side in the Wars of the Three Kingdoms. The subsequent war continued in Ireland until the 1650s, when Oliver Cromwell's New Model Army decisively defeated the Irish Catholics and Royalists, and re-conquered the country." | ||
One of the leaders of the Irish Rebellion was Sir Phelim O'Neill, who in October 1641 captured the fort of Charlemont, of which Toby Caulfeild, 3rd Baron Charlemont, was the Governor. Lodge, in his Peerage of Ireland [4 vols, 1754] describes the subsequent events [I have modernised the spelling and punctuation]:- | ||
Sir Phelim O'Neill that day [22 October 1641] went to dine with his Lordship, who very joyfully received and entertained him; but Sir Phelim having appointed that visit as a sign to his Irish followers, they repaired thither in great numbers, and his Lordship's whole company, with the Captain‑Lieutenant Anthony Stratford, were either killed or imprisoned, and all the arms and goods seized by Sir Phelim, who, being thus master of the place, marched that very night and took Dungannon, and after keeping his Lordship, with his mother, sisters, brothers, and the rest of the family fifteen weeks prisoners in Charlemont, sent them about five miles distance to Killenane, the house of Lawrence Netterville, and the next day, sending away Major Patrick Dory, the Lord Caulfeild earnestly desired Sir Phelim that the major might stay with him, because he could speak the Irish language. But Sir Phelim answered that the major was a traitor, and should not stay with his Lordship, but that he would have better company before night, and the same day [1 March 1642], in the major's presence, committed the charge of his Lordship to Captain Neale Modder O Neile and Captain Neale McKenna of the Trough in the county of Monaghan, with directions to convey him to Cloughowter Castle. That night he was taken to Kinard, Sir Phelim's own castle, when, going into the castle, between the said two captains, the latter spoke to Edmond Boy O Hugh, foster-brother to Sir Phelim, saying, "Where is your heart now?" Whereupon the said Edmond shot his Lordship in the back, whereof he then died. And that same night there were also 15 or 16 of Sir Phelim's servants and tenants, all English and Scots murdered at Kinard, among whom was a base son of Sir Phelim's also murdered, because his mother was a British woman … | ||
Being unmarried, the 3rd Baron was succeeded by his next oldest brother, Robert, "who was a Captain after the Rebellion began, but enjoyed the title only a few months, his death being occasioned by prescribing to himself too large a quantity of opium". [Lodge] | ||
After Cromwell's forces had suppressed the rebellion, Sir Phelim O'Neill was captured and taken to Dublin, where he was found guilty of treason and was hanged, drawn and quartered in August 1653. | ||
The special remainder to the Barony of Charlemont created in 1837 | ||
From the London Gazette of 3 February 1837 (issue 19463, page 262):- | ||
The King has been pleased to direct letters patent to be passed under the Great Seal, granting the dignity of a Baron of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, unto the Right Honourable Francis William Earl of Charlemont, K.P. and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten by the name, style, and title of Baron Charlemont, of Charlemont, in the county of Armagh; with remainder, in default of such issue male, to the Honourable Henry Caulfeild, of Hackly, in the said county of Armagh (brother of the said Francis William Earl of Charlemont), and the heirs male of his body lawfully begotten. | ||
Charles Compton William Cavendish, 3rd Baron Chesham | ||
Lord Chesham was killed in a hunting accident in November 1907. The following report of the subsequent inquest into his death appeared in the Manchester Guardian of 12 November 1907:- | ||
In the library of Holdenby House, the home of Lord Annaly, master of the Pytchley Hounds, the inquest on the late Lord Chesham was held yesterday. | ||
The Coroner (Mr. C.H. Davies, of Northampton) said he was sure they all sympathised very deeply with Lady Chesham in her terrible bereavement. She had had very sad misfortunes in having lost her daughter by a pony bolting [for further details see below], her eldest son, killed in the South African War [at the Battle of Diamond Hill on 11 June 1900], and now her husband. Those who knew Lord Chesham were aware that he was of a most generous and genial disposition, thoroughly kind and cheery with all with whom he came into contact. He was ready to do anything in his power, especially for the men on his estates. He would be greatly missed by hosts of friends, from Royalty downwards. | ||
Captain B. Beatty, of Kibworth Grange, Leicestershire, said: "I was hunting with the Pytchley Hounds on Saturday last, and was riding close to Lord Chesham, whom I had known all my life. Hounds were in full cry across a wheat field close to Welton Reservoir, near Daventry, and I was riding not far behind Lord Chesham. When we got near to the boundary hedge I shouted to him to take the fence first. A lot of other members of the hunt had been across the same place. Lord Chesham's horse made for the fence at a good rate, but caught its forefoot on the fence. It recovered itself sufficiently to get over the fence, but not far enough to land clear of the ditch on the other side. The result was that the animal fell, turning a complete somersault. I jumped off my horse and got over the fence. Lord Chesham was lying on his face, with his head and shoulders under the horse. I went to the horse's head, but before I could reach it the animal jumped up, and galloped away. When I got to Lord Chesham he was, in my opinion, already dead. A doctor was sent for and the Master, Lord Annaly, notified. The hunt was stopped, and I, with others, remained with the body until a doctor arrived. I afterwards helped to remove the body to Holdenby House by the express wish of Lord Annaly." | ||
Doctor A. Harrison said he was riding on his rounds between Daventry and Walton when the news of the accident reached him, and he at once hurried to the spot. Lord Chesham must have died immediately, the vertebrae being broken at the junction of the head and neck. | ||
In returning a verdict of accidental death the foreman of the jury, the Rev. T.W. Bankes‑Jones, rector of Holdenby, said: "The jury desire that an expression of their deepest sympathy be sent to the bereaved family. Lord Chesham was known to most of us as the very beau‑ideal of an English nobleman, and wherever he went his bright and cheery presence came as a ray of sunshine." | ||
The daughter referred to in the above report was killed in a riding accident. A report in the Cheshire Observer of 10 July 1897 states that "a sad accident which, we deeply regret to state, resulted fatally, occurred on Thursday to the Hon. Marjorie Beatrice Cavendish, youngest daughter of Lord and Lady Chesham, niece of the Duchess, and grand‑daughter of the Duke of Westminster. Her ladyship, who was about eight years of age, was riding in the neighbourhood of Upton House, Banbury, Lord Chesham's seat, when her pony, after stumbling, bolted at a terrific pace. As a result her ladyship was unseated, and her foot being held by the stirrup she was dragged half-a-mile along the road, sustaining dreadful injuries." | ||
Geoffrey Leonard Cheshire VC, Baron Cheshire | ||
Cheshire was awarded his Victoria Cross in September 1944 not for any one act of valour, as is usually the case, but in recognition of an extended period of sustained courage and outstanding effort. | ||
The citation reads:- | ||
The King has conferred the Victoria Cross for most conspicuous bravery on a pilot of R.A.F. Bomber Command who has completed 100 missions since the start of the war. The award is made to Wing Commander Geoffrey Leonard Cheshire, D.S.O. and two bars, D.F.C., Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve, 617 Squadron [The 'Dam Busters']. | ||
This officer began his operational career in June, 1940. Against strongly defended targets he soon displayed the courage and determination of an exceptional leader. He was always ready to accept extra risks to ensure success. Defying the formidable Ruhr defences, he frequently released his bombs from below 2,000ft. Over Cologne in November, 1940, a shell burst inside his aircraft, blowing out one side and starting a fire. Undeterred, he went on to bomb his target. | ||
At the end of his first tour of operational duty he immediately volunteered for a second. Again he pressed home his attacks with the utmost gallantry. Berlin, Bremen, Cologne, Duisberg, Essen, and Kiel were among the heavily defended targets which he attacked. When he was posted for instructional duties in January, 1942, he undertook four more operational missions. | ||
He started a third operational tour in August, 1942, when he was given command of a squadron. He led the squadron with outstanding skill before being appointed a station commander in March, 1943. | ||
In October, 1943, he undertook a fourth operational tour, relinquishing the rank of group captain at his own request so that he could again take part in operations. He immediately set to work as the pioneer of a new method of marking enemy targets involving very low flying. In June, 1944, when marking a target in the harbour at Le Havre in broad daylight and without cloud cover, he dived well below the range of the light batteries before releasing his marker‑bombs, and he came very near to being destroyed by the strong barrage. | ||
During his fourth tour, which ended last July, Wing Commander Cheshire led his squadron personally on every occasion, always undertaking the most dangerous and difficult task of marking the target alone from a low level in the face of strong defences. | ||
Wing Commander Cheshire's cold and calculated acceptance of risks is exemplified by his conduct in an attack on Munich in April. This was an experimental attack to test the new method of target-marking at low level against a heavily defended target situated deep in Reich territory. Munich was selected, at Wing Commander Cheshire's request, because of the formidable nature of its light anti-aircraft and searchlight defences. He was obliged to follow, in bad weather, a direct route which took him over the defences of Augsberg and thereafter he was continuously under fire. As he reached the target, flares were being released by our high-flying aircraft. He was illuminated from above and below. All guns within range opened fire on him. Diving to 700ft. he dropped his markers with great precision and began to climb away. So blinding were the searchlights that he almost lost control. He then flew over the city at 1000ft. to assess the accuracy of his work and direct other aircraft. His own was badly hit by shell fragments, but he continued to fly over the target area until he was satisfied that he had done all in his power to ensure success. For 12 minutes after leaving the target area he was under withering fire, but he came safely through. | ||
Wing Commander Cheshire has now completed 100 missions. In four years of fighting against the bitterest opposition he has maintained a record of outstanding personal achievement, placing himself invariably in the forefront of the battle. What he did in the Munich operation was typical of the careful planning, brilliant execution, and contempt for danger which has established for Wing Commander Cheshire a reputation second to none in Bomber Command. | ||
After the end of the war, Cheshire devoted his life to charity, founding an organization whose aim is to provide care for disabled persons throughout the world. Cheshire was created a member of the Order of Merit in 1981, and was made a life peer in 1991, both honours being, in my humble opinion, very much deserved. | ||
Copyright © 2003-2017 Leigh Rayment | ||
Copyright © 2020-2024 Helen Belcher OBE | ||