PEERAGES
Last updated 12/09/2017 (24 Apr 2024)
Date	Rank	Order	Name	Born	Died	Age
LINKLATER OF BUTTERSTONE
1 Nov 1997 to     15 Dec 2022	B[L]		Veronica Linklater Created Baroness Linklater of Butterstone for life 1 Nov 1997 Peerage extinct on her death	15 Apr 1943	15 Dec 2022	79
LINLEY
6 Oct 1961	V	1	Anthony Charles Robert Armstrong‑Jones Created Viscount Linley and Earl of Snowdon 6 Oct 1961 and Baron Armstrong‑Jones for life 16 Nov 1999 See "Snowdon"	7 Mar 1930	13 Jan 2017	86
LINLITHGOW
15 Nov 1600	E[S]	1	Alexander Livingston, 7th Lord Livingston Created Lord Livingston and Calendar and Earl of Linlithgow 15 Nov 1600		5 Feb 1623
5 Feb 1623		2	Alexander Livingston		c 1650
c 1650		3	George Livingston	Jul 1616	1 Feb 1690	73
1 Feb 1690		4	George Livingston		7 Aug 1695
7 Aug 1695 to     1716		5	James Livingston He was attainted and the peerages forfeited		25 Apr 1723
27 Oct 1902	M	1	John Adrian Louis Hope, 7th Earl of Hopetoun Created Marquess of Linlithgow 27 Oct 1902 Governor of Victoria 1889‑1895; Paymaster General 1895‑1898; Governor General of Australia 1901‑1902; Secretary of State for Scotland 1905; PC 1895; KT 1900	25 Sep 1860	29 Feb 1908	47
29 Feb 1908		2	Victor Alexander John Hope Viceroy of India 1936‑1943; Lord Lieutenant West Lothian 1929‑1952; KT 1928; PC 1935; KG 1943	24 Sep 1887	5 Jan 1952	64
5 Jan 1952		3	Charles William Frederick Hope Lord Lieutenant West Lothian 1964‑1985	7 Apr 1912	7 Apr 1987	75
7 Apr 1987		4	Adrian John Charles Hope	1 Jul 1946
LINTON AND CABERSTON
23 Jun 1633	B[S]	1	John Stewart, 1st Lord Stewart of Traquair Created Lord Linton & Caberston and Earl of Traquair 23 Jun 1633 See "Traquair"	c 1600	27 Mar 1659
LIPSEY
30 Jul 1999	B[L]		David Lawrence Lipsey Created Baron Lipsey for life 30 Jul 1999	21 Apr 1948
LISBURNE
29 Jan 1685 to     15 Sep 1691	V[I]	1	Adam Loftus Created Baron of Rathfarnam and Viscount Lisburne 29 Jan 1685 PC [I] 1685 Peerages extinct on his death		15 Sep 1691
5 Jun 1695	V[I]	1	John Vaughan Created Baron Fethard and Viscount Lisburne 5 Jun 1695 MP for Cardiganshire 1694‑1698; Lord Lieutenant Cardigan 1715‑1721	7 Dec 1667	20 Mar 1721	53
20 Mar 1721		2	John Vaughan MP for Cardiganshire 1727‑1734; Lord Lieutenant Cardigan 1721‑1741	c 1695	15 Jan 1741
15 Jan 1741		3	Wilmot Vaughan Lord Lieutenant Cardigan 1744‑1762		19 Jan 1766
19 Jan 1766 18 Jul 1776	E[I]	4 1	Wilmot Vaughan Created Earl of Lisburne 18 Jul 1776 MP for Cardiganshire 1755‑1761 and 1768‑1796 and Berwick upon Tweed 1765‑1768; Lord Lieutenant Cardigan 1762‑1800	c 1730	6 Jan 1800
6 Jan 1800		2	Wilmot Vaughan	9 May 1755	6 May 1820	64
6 May 1820		3	John Vaughan MP for Cardigan District of Boroughs 1796‑1818	3 Mar 1769	18 May 1831	62
18 May 1831		4	Ernest Augustus Vaughan MP for Cardiganshire 1854‑1859	30 Oct 1800	8 Nov 1873	73
8 Nov 1873		5	Ernest Augustus Malet Vaughan	26 Jun 1836	31 Mar 1888	51
31 Mar 1888		6	Arthur Henry George Vaughan	30 Jul 1862	4 Sep 1899	57
4 Sep 1899		7	Ernest Edmund Henry Malet Vaughan Lord Lieutenant Cardigan 1923‑1956	8 Feb 1892	30 Jun 1965	73
30 Jun 1965		8	John David Malet Vaughan	1 Sep 1918	2 Sep 2014	96
2 Sep 2014		9	David John Francis Malet Vaughan	15 Jun 1945
LISGAR
26 Oct 1870 to     6 Oct 1876	B	1	Sir John Young, 2nd baronet Created Baron Lisgar 26 Oct 1870 MP for Cavan 1831‑1855; Governor of New South Wales 1860‑1867; Governor General of Canada 1868‑1872; Lord Lieutenant Cavan 1871‑1876; PC 1852; PC [I] 1852 Peerage extinct on his death	31 Aug 1807	6 Oct 1876	69
LISLE
29 Dec 1299	B	1	John de Lisle Summoned to Parliament as Lord Lisle 29 Dec 1299		c 1304
c 1304 to     c 1337		2	John de Lisle Peerage extinct on his death	c 1281	c 1337
19 Dec 1311	B	1	Robert de Lisle Summoned to Parliament as Lord Lisle 19 Dec 1311		4 Jan 1343
4 Jan 1343		2	John de Lisle KG 1348	1319	14 Oct 1356	37
14 Oct 1356 to     c 1399		3	Robert de Lisle Peerage extinct on his death	1334	c 1399
15 Dec 1357	B	1	Gerard de Lisle Summoned to Parliament as Lord Lisle 15 Dec 1357	1305	9 Jun 1360	54
9 Jun 1360		2	Warine de Lisle	1333	28 Jun 1382	48
28 Jun 1382		3	Margaret de Berkeley	c 1360	20 Mar 1392
20 Mar 1392 to     c 1420		4	Elizabeth Beauchamp On her death the peerage fell into abeyance	1387	c 1420
26 Jul 1444 30 Oct 1451	B V	1 1	John Talbot Created Lord Lisle 26 Jul 1444 and Viscount Lisle 30 Oct 1451	c 1423	20 Jul 1453
20 Jul 1453 to     20 Mar 1470		2	Thomas Talbot On his death the Viscountcy became extinct whilst the Barony fell into abeyance For further information on this peer, and the Battle of Nibley Green in particular, see the note at the foot of the page containing details of the Berkeley peerages	1443	20 Mar 1470	26
14 Mar 1475 28 Jun 1483	B V	1 1	Edward Grey Created Baron Lisle 14 Mar 1475 and Viscount Lisle 28 Jun 1483		17 Jul 1492
17 Jul 1492 to     9 Sep 1504		2	John Grey Peerage extinct on his death	1481	9 Sep 1504	23
15 May 1513 to     20 Apr 1523	V	1	Charles Brandon Created Viscount Lisle 15 May 1513 He surrendered the peerage in 1523 on being created Duke of Suffolk	c 1484	22 Aug 1545
25 Apr 1523 to     3 Mar 1542	V	1	Arthur Plantagenet Created Viscount Lisle 25 Apr 1523 KG 1524 Peerage extinct on his death	c 1470	3 Mar 1542
12 Mar 1543 to     22 Aug 1553	V	1	John Dudley Created Viscount Lisle 12 Mar 1543, Earl of Warwick 16 Feb 1547 and Duke of Northumberland 11 Oct 1551 He was attainted and the peerages forfeited	1502	22 Aug 1553	51
26 Dec 1561 to     21 Feb 1590	E	1	Ambrose Dudley Created Baron Lisle 25 Dec 1561 and Earl of Warwick 26 Dec 1561 Lord Lieutenant Warwick 1569‑1570 and 1587‑1589; KG 1563 Peerages extinct on his death	c 1528	21 Feb 1590
4 May 1605	V	1	Robert Sydney Created Baron Sydney 13 May 1603, Viscount L'Isle 4 May 1605 and Earl of Leicester 2 Aug 1618 See "Leicester"	28 Nov 1563	13 Jul 1626	62
LISLE OF MOUNTNORTH
18 Sep 1758	B[I]	1	John Lysaght Created Baron Lisle of Mountnorth 18 Sep 1758 MP [I] for Charleville 1727‑1758	c 1702	15 Jul 1781
15 Jul 1781		2	John Lysaght MP [I] for Castlemartyr 1753‑1761 and Cork County 1765‑1768	1729	9 Jan 1798	68
9 Jan 1798		3	John Lysaght	6 Aug 1781	26 Nov 1834	53
26 Nov 1834		4	George Lysaght	6 Jun 1783	7 Jul 1868	85
7 Jul 1868		5	John Arthur Lysaght	12 Oct 1811	18 Apr 1898	86
18 Apr 1898		6	George William James Lysaght	29 Jan 1840	25 Feb 1919	79
25 Feb 1919		7	John Nicholas Horace Lysaght	10 Aug 1903	29 Dec 1997	94
29 Dec 1997		8	Patrick James Lysaght	1 May 1931	11 Nov 2003	72
11 Nov 2003		9	John Nicholas Geoffrey Lysaght	20 May 1960
LISMORE
27 Jun 1785	B[I]	1	Cornelius O'Callaghan Created Baron Lismore 27 Jun 1785 MP [I] for Fethard (Tipperary) 1768‑1785	7 Jan 1742	12 Jul 1797	55
12 Jul 1797 30 May 1806 6 Jul 1838	V[I] B	2 1 1	Cornelius O'Callaghan Created Viscount Lismore 30 May 1806 and Baron Lismore [UK] 6 Jul 1838 MP for Lostwithiel 1806‑1807; Lord Lieutenant Tipperary 1851‑1857; PC [I] 1835	2 Oct 1775	30 May 1857	81
30 May 1857 to     29 Oct 1898		2	George Ponsonby O'Callaghan Lord Lieutenant Tipperary 1857‑1885 Peerages extinct on his death	16 Mar 1815	29 Oct 1898	83
LISTER
6 Feb 1897	B	1	Sir Joseph Lister, 1st baronet Created Baron Lister 6 Feb 1897 President of the Royal Society 1895‑1900; OM 1902; PC 1902 Peerage extinct on his death	5 Apr 1827	10 Feb 1912	84
LISTER OF BURTERSETT
31 Jan 2011	B[L]		Ruth Lister Created Baroness Lister of Burtersett for life 31 Jan 2011	3 May 1949
LISTOWEL
5 Feb 1822	E[I]	1	William Hare Created Baron Ennismore 31 Jul 1800, Viscount Ennismore 15 Jan 1816 and Earl of Listowel 5 Feb 1822 MP [I] for Cork City 1796‑1797 and Athy 1798‑1800	Sep 1751	13 Jul 1837	85
13 Jul 1837		2	William Hare MP for Kerry 1826‑1830 and St. Albans 1841‑1847; KP 1839	22 Sep 1801	4 Feb 1856	54
4 Feb 1856		3	William Hare Created Baron Hare of Connamore 8 Dec 1869 KP 1873	29 May 1833	5 Jun 1924	91
5 Jun 1924		4	Richard Granville Hare	12 Sep 1866	16 Nov 1931	65
16 Nov 1931		5	William Francis Hare Postmaster General 1945‑1947; Secretary of State for India and Burma 1947; Secretary of State for Burma 1947‑1948; Minister of State for Colonial Affairs 1948‑1950; Governor General of Ghana 1957‑1960; PC 1946	28 Sep 1906	12 Mar 1997	90
12 Mar 1997		6	Francis Michael Hare [Elected hereditary peer 1999‑2022]	28 Jun 1964
LISVANE
11 Dec 2014	B[L]		Sir Robert James Rogers Created Baron Lisvane for life 11 Dec 2014	5 Feb 1950
LIVERMORE
21 Oct 2015	B[L]		Spencer Elliot Livermore Created Baron Livermore for life 21 Oct 2015	12 Jun 1975
LIVERPOOL
1 Jun 1796	E	1	Sir Charles Jenkinson, 7th baronet Created Baron Hawkesbury 21 Aug 1786 and Earl of Liverpool 1 Jun 1796 MP for Cockermouth 1761‑1767, Appleby 1767‑1772, Harwich 1772‑1774, Hastings 1774‑1780 and Saltash 1780‑1786; Secretary at War 1778‑1782; President of the Board of Trade 1786‑1804; Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1786‑1803; PC 1773	26 Apr 1727	17 Dec 1808	81
17 Dec 1808		2	Robert Banks Jenkinson MP for Rye 1790‑1803; Master of the Mint 1799‑1801; Home Secretary 1804‑1806 and 1807‑1809; Secretary for War 1809‑1812; Prime Minister 1812‑1827; Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports 1806‑1827; PC 1799; KG 1814 He was summoned to Parliament by a Writ of Acceleration as Baron Hawkesbury 15 Nov 1803	7 Jun 1770	4 Dec 1828	58
4 Dec 1828 to     3 Oct 1851		3	Charles Cecil Cope Jenkinson MP for Sandwich 1807‑1812, Bridgnorth 1812‑1818 and East Grinstead 1818‑1828; PC 1841 Peerage extinct on his death	29 May 1784	3 Oct 1851	67
22 Dec 1905	E	1	Cecil George Savile Foljambe Created Baron Hawkesbury 24 Jun 1893, and Viscount Hawkesbury and Earl of Liverpool 22 Dec 1905 MP for Nottinghamshire North 1880‑1885 and Mansfield 1885‑1892; PC 1906 For information on his daughter, Lady Constance, see the note at the foot of this page	7 Nov 1846	23 Mar 1907	60
23 Mar 1907		2	Arthur William de Brito Savile Foljambe Governor of New Zealand 1912‑1917 and Governor General 1917‑1920; PC 1917	27 May 1870	15 May 1941	70
15 May 1941		3	Gerald William Frederick Savile Foljambe	12 May 1878	27 Jul 1962	84
27 Jul 1962		4	Robert Anthony Edward St. Andrew Savile Foljambe	3 Apr 1887	13 Mar 1969	81
13 Mar 1969		5	Edward Peter Bertram Savile Foljambe [Elected hereditary peer 1999-]	14 Nov 1944
LIVINGSTON
1458	B[S]	1	James Livingstone Created Lord Livingston 1458		1467
1467		2	James Livingstone		1497
1497		3	James Livingstone		1503
1503		4	William Livingstone		c 1518
c 1518		5	Alexander Livingstone		c 1550
c 1550		6	William Livingstone		1592
1592		7	Alexander Livingstone Created Lord Livingston and Calendar and Earl of Linlithgow 15 Nov 1600 See "Linlithgow"
LIVINGSTON OF ALMOND
19 Jun 1633	B[S]	1	James Livingston Created Lord Livingston of Almond 19 Jun 1633, and Lord Livingston and Almond and Earl of Calendar 6 Oct  1641 See "Calendar"		1672
LIVINGSTON OF FLACRAIG
31 Dec 1660	B[S]	1	James Levingston, 1st Viscount of Newburgh Created Lord Livingston of Flacraig, Viscount of Kynnaird and Earl of Newburgh 31 Dec 1660 See "Newburgh"	c 1622	6 Dec 1670
LIVINGSTON OF PARKHEAD
12 Jul 2013	B[L]		Ian Paul Livingston Created Baron Livingston of Parkhead for life 12 Jul 2013	1964
LIVINGSTON OF PEEBLES
4 Dec 1696 to     14 Jan 1711	B[S]	1	Sir Thomas Livingston Created Lord Livingston of Peebles and Viscount Teviot 4 Dec 1696 Peerages extinct on his death	c 1651	14 Jan 1711
LIVSEY OF TALGARTH
28 Aug 2001 to     16 Sep 2010	B[L]		Richard Arthur Lloyd Livsey Created Baron Livsey of Talgarth for life 28 Aug 2001 MP for Brecon & Radnorshire 1985‑1992 and 1997‑2001 Peerage extinct on his death	2 May 1935	16 Sep 2010	75
LLANDAFF
5 Aug 1895 to     3 Apr 1913	V	1	Henry Matthews Created Viscount Llandaff 5 Aug 1895 MP for Dungarvan 1868‑1874 and Birmingham East 1886‑1895; Home Secretary 1886‑1892; PC 1886 Peerage extinct on his death	13 Jan 1826	3 Apr 1913	87
LLANGATTOCK
30 Aug 1892	B	1	John Allan Rolls Created Baron Llangattock 30 Aug 1892 MP for Monmouthshire 1880‑1892	19 Feb 1837	24 Sep 1912	75
24 Sep 1912 to     31 Oct 1916		2	John Maclean Rolls Peerage extinct on his death	25 Apr 1870	31 Oct 1916	46
LLANOVER
29 Jun 1859 to     27 Apr 1867	B	1	Sir Benjamin Hall, 1st baronet Created Baron Llanover 29 Jun 1859 MP for Monmouth 1832‑1837 and Marylebone 1837‑1859; President of the Board of Health 1854‑1855; First Commissioner of Works 1855‑1858; Lord Lieutenant Monmouth 1861‑1867; PC 1854 Peerage extinct on his death	8 Nov 1802	27 Apr 1867	64
LLEWELLIN
12 Sep 1945 to     24 Jan 1957	B	1	John Jestyn Llewellin Created Baron Llewellin 12 Sep 1945 MP for Uxbridge 1929‑1945; President of the Board of Trade 1942; Minister of Aircraft Production 1942; Minister of Food 1943‑1945; Governor General of Rhodesia and Nyasaland 1953‑1957; PC 1941 Peerage extinct on his death	6 Feb 1893	24 Jan 1957	63
LLEWELLYN OF STEEP
20 Oct 2016	B[L]		Edward David Gerard Llewellyn Created Baron Llewellyn of Steep for life 20 Oct 2016 PC 2015	23 Sep 1965
LLEWELYN-DAVIES
16 Jan 1964 to     27 Oct 1981	B[L]		Richard Llewelyn-Davies Created Baron Llewelyn‑Davies for life 16 Jan 1964 Peerage extinct on his death	24 Dec 1912	27 Oct 1981	68
LLEWELYN-DAVIES OF HASTOE
29 Aug 1967 to     6 Nov 1997	B[L]		Annie Patricia Llewelyn‑Davies Created Baroness Llewelyn‑Davies of Hastoe for life 29 Aug 1967 PC 1975 Peerage extinct on her death	16 Jul 1915	6 Nov 1997	82
LLOYD
16 Nov 1925	B	1	Sir George Ambrose Lloyd Created Baron Lloyd 16 Nov 1925 MP for Staffordshire West 1910‑1918 and Eastbourne 1924‑1925; Governor of Bombay 1918‑1923; Secretary of State for Colonies 1940‑1941; PC 1924	19 Sep 1879	4 Feb 1941	61
4 Feb 1941 to     5 Nov 1985		2	Alexander David Frederick Lloyd Peerage extinct on his death	30 Sep 1912	5 Nov 1985	73
LLOYD OF BERWICK
1 Oct 1993	B[L]		Sir Anthony John Leslie Lloyd Created Baron Lloyd of Berwick for life 1 Oct 1993 Lord Justice of Appeal 1984‑1993; Lord of Appeal in Ordinary 1993‑1998; PC 1984	9 May 1929
LLOYD OF HAMPSTEAD
14 May 1965 to     31 Dec 1992	B[L]		Dennis Lloyd Created Baron Lloyd of Hampstead for life 14 May 1965 Peerage extinct on his death	22 Oct 1915	31 Dec 1992	77
LLOYD OF HIGHBURY
19 Aug 1996 to     28 Jun 2006	B[L]		Dame June Kathleen Lloyd Created Baroness Lloyd of Highbury for life 19 Aug 1996 Peerage extinct on her death	1 Jan 1928	28 Jun 2006	78
LLOYD OF KILGERRAN
29 Jun 1973 to     30 Jan 1991	B[L]		Rhys Gerran Lloyd Created Baron Lloyd of Kilgerran for life 29 Jun 1973 Peerage extinct on his death	12 Aug 1907	30 Jan 1991	83
LLOYD GEORGE OF DWYFOR
12 Feb 1945	E	1	David Lloyd George Created Viscount Gwynedd and Earl Lloyd George of Dwyfor 12 Feb 1945 MP for Carnarvon Boroughs 1890‑1945; President of the Board of Trade 1905‑1908; Chancellor of the Exchequer 1908‑1915; Minister of Munitions 1915‑1916; Secretary of State for War 1916; Prime Minister 1916‑1922; PC 1905; OM 1919	17 Jan 1863	26 Mar 1945	82
26 Mar 1945		2	Richard Lloyd George	15 Feb 1889	1 May 1968	79
1 May 1968		3	Owen Lloyd George	28 Apr 1924	29 Jul 2010	86
29 Jul 2010		4	David Richard Owen Lloyd George	22 Jan 1951
LLOYD-WEBBER
18 Feb 1997	B[L]		Sir Andrew Lloyd Webber Created Baron Lloyd-Webber for life 18 Feb 1997 KG 2024	22 Mar 1948
LOCH
18 Jul 1895	B	1	Henry Brougham Loch Created Baron Loch 18 Jul 1895 Governor of Victoria 1884-1889 and Cape of Good Hope 1889-1895; PC 1895 For further information on this peer, see the note at the foot of this page	23 May 1827	20 Jun 1900	73
24 Jun 1900		2	Edward Douglas Loch	4 Apr 1873	14 Aug 1942	69
14 Aug 1942		3	George Henry Compton Loch	3 Feb 1916	15 Dec 1982	66
15 Dec 1982 to     24 Jun 1991		4	Spencer Douglas Loch Peerage extinct on his death	12 Aug 1920	24 Jun 1991	70
LOCHABER
3 Nov 1684	B[S]	1	George Gordon, 4th Marquess of Huntly Created Lord Badenoch, Lochaber, Strathavon, Balmore, Auchindoun, Garthie and Kincardine, Viscount of Inverness, Earl of Huntly and Enzie, Marquess of Huntly and Duke of Gordon 3 Nov 1684 See "Gordon" - extinct 1836	c 1643	7 Dec 1716
LOCHEE
22 May 1908 to     13 Sep 1911	B	1	Edmund Robertson Created Baron Lochee 22 May 1908 MP for Dundee 1885-1908. PC 1906 Peerage extinct on his death	28 Oct 1845	13 Sep 1911	65
LOCHINVAR
8 May 1633	B[S]	1	John Gordon Created Lord Lochinvar and Viscount of Kenmure 8 May 1633 See "Kenmure"	c 1600	12 Sep 1634
LOCHOW AND GLENYLA
23 Jun 1701	V[S]	1	Archibald Campbell Created Lord of Inverary, Mull, Morvern and Tirie, Viscount of Lochow and Glenyla, Earl of Campbell & Cowall, Marquess of Kintyre and Lorn and Duke of Argyll 23 Jun 1701 See "Argyll"		21 Oct 1703
LOCKWOOD
27 Feb 1978 to     29 Apr 2019	B[L]		Betty Lockwood Created Baroness Lockwood for life 27 Feb 1978 Peerage extinct on her death	22 Jan 1924	29 Apr 2019	95
LOFTHOUSE OF PONTEFRACT
11 Jun 1997 to     1 Nov 2012	B[L]		Sir Geoffrey Lofthouse Created Baron Lofthouse of Pontefract for life 11 Jun 1997 MP for Pontefract & Castleford 1978‑1997 Peerage extinct on his death	18 Dec 1925	1 Nov 2012	86
LOFTUS
10 May 1622	V[I]	1	Sir Adam Loftus Created Viscount Loftus of Ely 10 May 1622 See "Ely"	1568	1646	78
5 Nov 1751 19 Jul 1756	B[I] V[I]	1 1	Nicholas Loftus Created Baron Loftus 5 Nov 1751 and Viscount Loftus of Ely 19 Jul 1756 See "Ely"	1687	31 Dec 1763	76
29 Dec 1800 19 Jan 1801	M[I] B	1 1	Charles Tottenham Loftus Created Baron Loftus 28 Jun 1785, Viscount Loftus of Ely 28 Dec 1789, Earl of Ely 2 Mar 1794, Marquess of Ely 29 Dec 1800 and Baron Loftus [UK] 19 Jan 1801 See "Ely"	23 Jan 1738	22 Mar 1806	68
LONDESBOROUGH
4 Mar 1850	B	1	Albert Denison Denison Created Baron Londesborough 4 Mar 1850 MP for Canterbury 1835‑1841 and 1847‑1850	21 Oct 1805	15 Jan 1860	54
15 Jan 1860 1 Jul 1887	E	2 1	William Henry Forester Denison Created Viscount Raincliffe and Earl of Londesborough 1 Jul 1887 MP for Beverley 1857‑1859 and Scarborough 1859‑1860	19 Jun 1834	19 Apr 1900	65
19 Apr 1900		3 2	William Francis Henry Denison	30 Dec 1864	30 Oct 1917	52
30 Oct 1917		4 3	George Francis William Henry Denison	17 Jul 1892	12 Sep 1920	28
12 Sep 1920 to     17 Apr 1937		5 4	Hugh William Cecil Denison On his death the Earldom became extinct whilst the Barony passed to -	13 Nov 1894	17 Apr 1937	42
17 Apr 1937		6	Ernest William Denison	9 Aug 1876	31 Dec 1963	87
31 Dec 1963		7	Conyngham Charles Denison	6 Apr 1885	31 Oct 1967	82
31 Oct 1967		8	John Albert Lister Denison	30 May 1901	5 Apr 1968	66
5 Apr 1968		9	Richard John Denison	2 Jul 1959
LONDONDERRY
23 Aug 1622	E[I]	1	Sir Thomas Ridgeway, 1st baronet Created Baron of Gallen Ridgeway 25 May 1616, and Viscount Gallen Ridgeway and Earl of Londonderry 23 Aug 1622	c 1565	24 Jan 1632
24 Jan 1632		2	Robert Ridgeway		19 Mar 1640
19 Mar 1640		3	Weston Ridgeway	4 Apr 1620	7 Nov 1672	52
7 Nov 1672 to     7 Mar 1714		4	Robert Ridgeway Peerage extinct on his death		7 Mar 1714
3 Jun 1719 8 Oct 1726	B[I] E[I]	1 1	Thomas Pitt Created Baron of Londonderry 3 Jun 1719 and Viscount Gallen Ridgeway and Earl of Londonderry 8 Oct 1726 MP for Wilton 1713‑1727 and Old Sarum 1727‑1728; PC [I] by 1723	c 1688	12 Sep 1729
12 Sep 1729		2	Thomas Pitt	c 1718	25 Aug 1735
25 Aug 1735 to     8 Jan 1765		3	Ridgeway Pitt MP for Camelford 1747‑1754 Peerage extinct on his death	1722	8 Jan 1765	42
20 Sep 1789 17 Aug 1796 13 Jan 1816	B[I] E[I] M[I]	1 1 1	Robert Stewart Created Baron Londonderry 20 Sep 1789, Viscount Castlereagh 1 Oct 1795, Earl of Londonderry 17 Aug 1796 and Marquess of Londonderry 13 Jan 1816 MP [I] for Down County 1771‑1783; PC [I] 1783	27 Sep 1739	8 Apr 1821	81
8 Apr 1821		2	Robert Stewart MP [I] for Down County 1790‑1800; MP for Tregony 1794‑1796, Orford 1796‑1797 and 1821‑1822, co. Down 1801‑1805 and 1812‑1821, Boroughbridge 1806 and Plympton Erle 1806‑1812; Chief Secretary for Ireland 1798‑1801; President of the India Board 1802‑1806; Secretary at War 1805‑1806 and 1807‑1809; Foreign Secretary 1812‑1822; PC [I] 1797; PC 1798; KG 1814 For further information on this peer, see the note at the foot of this page	18 Jun 1769	12 Aug 1822	53
12 Aug 1822		3	Charles William Vane Created Baron Stewart of Stewart's Court 1 Jul 1814, and Viscount Seaham and Earl Vane 28 Mar 1823 For details of the special remainder included in the creations of 1823, see the note at the foot of the page containing details of the Earldom of Vane MP [I] for Thomastown 1800 and Londonderry County 1800; MP for co. Londonderry 1801‑1807 and 1812‑1814; Lord Lieutenant Durham 1842‑1854; PC 1814; KG 1853	18 May 1778	6 Mar 1854	75
6 Mar 1854		4	Frederick William Robert Stewart MP for co. Down 1826‑1852; Lord Lieutenant Down 1845‑1864; PC 1835; KP 1856	7 Jul 1805	25 Nov 1872	67
25 Nov 1872		5	George Henry Robert Charles Vane‑Tempest, 2nd Earl Vane MP for Durham North 1847‑1854; Lord Lieutenant Durham 1880‑1884; KP 1874	26 Apr 1821	5 Nov 1884	63
5 Nov 1884		6	Charles Stewart Vane-Tempest-Stewart MP for co. Down 1878‑1884; Viceroy of Ireland 1886‑1889; Postmaster General 1900‑1902; President of the Board of Education 1902‑1905; Lord President of the Council 1903‑1905; Lord Lieutenant Down 1902‑1915 and Belfast 1900‑1903; PC 1886; KG 1888; PC [I] 1892	6 Jul 1852	8 Feb 1915	62
8 Feb 1915		7	Charles Stewart Henry Vane-Tempest-Stewart MP for Maidstone 1906‑1915; First Commissioner of Works 1928‑1929 and 1931; Secretary of State for Air 1931‑1935; Lord Privy Seal 1935; Lord Lieutenant Durham 1928‑1949 and Down 1915‑1949; PC [I] 1918; PC 1925; KG 1919	13 May 1878	11 Feb 1949	70
11 Feb 1949		8	Edward Charles Stewart Robert Vane-Tempest-Stewart MP for co. Down 1931‑1945	18 Nov 1902	17 Oct 1955	52
17 Oct 1955		9	Alexander Charles Robert Vane-Tempest-Stewart	7 Sep 1937	20 Jun 2012	74
20 Jun 2012		10	Frederick Aubrey Vane-Tempest-Stewart	6 Sep 1972
LONG
4 Jun 1921	V	1	Walter Hume Long Created Viscount Long 4 Jun 1921 MP for Wiltshire North 1880‑1885, Devizes 1885‑1892, West Derby 1893‑1900, Bristol South 1900‑1906, co. Dublin South 1906‑1910, Strand 1910‑1918 and St. George's, Hanover Square 1918‑1921; President of the Board of Agriculture 1895‑1900; President of the Local Government Board 1900‑1905; Chief Secretary for Ireland 1905‑1906; President of the Local Government Board 1915‑1916; Secretary of State for Colonies 1916‑1918; First Lord of the Admiralty 1919‑1921; Lord Lieutenant Wiltshire 1920‑1924; PC 1895; PC [I] 1905	13 Jul 1854	26 Sep 1924	70
26 Sep 1924		2	Walter Francis David Long	14 Sep 1911	23 Sep 1944	33
23 Sep 1944		3	Richard Eric Onslow Long MP for Westbury 1927‑1931	22 Aug 1892	12 Jan 1967	74
12 Jan 1967		4	Richard Gerard Long	30 Jan 1929	13 Jun 2017	88
13 Jun 2017		5	James Richard Long	31 Dec 1960
LONGFORD
29 Jun 1621	B[I]	1	Francis Aungier Created Baron Aungier of Longford 29 Jun 1621	c 1562	8 Oct 1632
8 Oct 1632		2	Gerald Aungier	c 1586	1655
1655 8 Nov 1675 18 Dec 1677	V[I] E[I]	3 1 1	Francis Aungier Created Viscount Longford 8 Nov 1675 and Earl of Longford 18 Dec 1677 MP for Surrey 1660‑1661 and Arundel 1661‑1679; PC [I] 1660	c 1632	22 Dec 1700
22 Dec 1700 to     23 Jan 1705		2	Ambrose Aungier MP [I] for Longford Borough 1697‑1699; PC [I] by 1702 Peerages extinct on his death	c 1649	23 Jan 1705
29 Jun 1747	B	1	Jacob Bouverie Created Baron Longford and Viscount Folkestone 29 Jun 1747 See "Folkestone"	14 Oct 1694	17 Feb 1761	66
7 May 1756	B[I]	1	Thomas Pakenham Created Baron Longford 7 May 1756 MP [I] for Longford Borough 1745‑1757	May 1713	30 Apr 1766	52
20 Jun 1785	E[I]	1	Elizabeth Pakenham Created Countess of Longford 20 Jun 1785	26 Jul 1719	27 Jan 1794	74
30 Apr 1766		2	Edward Michael Pakenham Succeeded to the Barony 1766 MP [I] for Longford County 1765‑1766; PC [I] 1777	1 Apr 1743	3 Jun 1792	49
3 Jun 1792		2	Thomas Pakenham Created Baron Silchester 17 Jul 1821 KP 1813 He succeeded to the Barony in 1792 and to the Earldom in 1794	14 May 1774	28 May 1835	61
28 May 1835		3	Edward Michael Pakenham	30 Oct 1817	27 Mar 1860	42
27 Mar 1860		4	William Lygon Pakenham Lord Lieutenant Longford 1874‑1887	31 Jan 1819	19 Apr 1887	68
19 Apr 1887		5	Thomas Pakenham Lord Lieutenant Longford 1887‑1915; KP 1901	19 Oct 1864	21 Aug 1915	50
21 Aug 1915		6	Edward Arthur Henry Pakenham	29 Dec 1902	4 Feb 1961	58
4 Feb 1961		7	Francis Aungier Pakenham Created Baron Pakenham 12 Oct 1945 and Baron Pakenham of Cowley for life 16 Nov 1999 Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster 1947‑1948; Minister of Civil Aviation 1948‑1951; First Lord of the Admiralty 1951; Lord Privy Seal 1964‑1965 and 1966‑1968; Secretary of State for Colonies 1965‑1966; PC 1948; KG 1971	5 Dec 1905	3 Aug 2001	95
3 Aug 2001		8	Thomas Frank Dermot Pakenham	14 Aug 1933
LONGUEVILLE (England)
			See "DE LONGUEVILLE"
LONGUEVILLE (Ireland)
1 Oct 1795 29 Dec 1800 to     23 May 1811	B[I] V[I]	1 1	Richard Longfield Created Baron Longueville 1 Oct 1795 and Viscount Longueville 29 Dec 1800 MP [I] for Charleville 1761‑1768, Clonakilty 1768‑1776, Cork City 1776‑1783 and 1790‑1796, and Baltimore 1783‑1790; PC [I] 1790 Peerages extinct on his death	9 Oct 1734	23 May 1811	76
LONSDALE
28 May 1696	V	1	John Lowther Created Baron Lowther and Viscount Lonsdale 28 May 1696 MP for Westmorland 1677‑1679 and 1681‑1696; First Lord of the Admiralty 1691; Lord Privy Seal 1699‑1700; Lord Lieutenant Cumberland and Westmorland 1689‑1694; PC 1689	25 Apr 1655	10 Jul 1700	45
10 Jul 1700		2	Richard Lowther	1692	1 Dec 1713	21
1 Dec 1713 to     12 Mar 1751		3	Henry Lowther Lord Privy Seal 1733‑1735; Lord Lieutenant Cumberland and Westmorland 1738‑1751; PC 1726 Peerages extinct on his death	1694	12 Mar 1751	56
24 May 1784 to     24 May 1802	E	1	Sir James Lowther, 5th baronet Created Baron Lowther, Baron of the Barony of Kendal, Baron of the Barony of Burgh, Viscount of Lonsdale, Viscount of Lowther and Earl of Lonsdale 24 May 1784 and Baron and Viscount Lowther 26 Oct 1797 MP for Cumberland 1757‑1761, 1762‑1768 and 1774‑1784, Westmorland 1761‑1763 and Cockermouth 1769‑1774; Lord Lieutenant Cumberland and Westmorland 1759‑1802 Peerages extinct on his death, except the creations of 1797	5 Aug 1736	24 May 1802	65
7 Apr 1807	E	1	William Lowther, 2nd Viscount Lowther Created Earl of Lonsdale 7 Apr 1807 MP for Carlisle 1780‑1784, Cumberland 1784‑1790 and Rutland 1796‑1802; Lord Lieutenant Cumberland and Westmorland 1802‑1844; KG 1807	29 Dec 1757	19 Mar 1844	86
19 Mar 1844		2	William Lowther MP for Cockermouth 1808‑1813, Westmorland 1813‑1831 and 1832‑1841, and Dunwich 1832; Chief Commissioner of Woods and Forests 1828‑1830; Vice President of the Board of Trade 1834‑1835; Postmaster General 1841‑1845; Lord President of the Council 1852; Lord Lieutenant Cumberland and Westmorland 1844‑1868; PC 1828 He was summoned to Parliament by Writ of Acceleration as Baron Lowther 8 Sep 1841	30 Jul 1787	4 Mar 1872	84
4 Mar 1872		3	Henry Lowther MP for Cumberland West 1847‑1872; Lord Lieutenant Cumberland and Westmorland 1868‑1876	27 Mar 1818	15 Aug 1876	58
15 Aug 1876		4	St. George Henry Lowther	4 Oct 1855	8 Feb 1882	26
8 Feb 1882		5	Hugh Cecil Lowther Lord Lieutenant Cumberland 1917‑1944; KG 1928 For further information on this peer, see the note at the foot of this page	25 Jan 1857	13 Apr 1944	87
13 Apr 1944		6	Lancelot Edward Lowther	25 Jun 1867	11 Mar 1953	85
11 Mar 1953		7	James Hugh William Lowther	3 Nov 1922	23 May 2006	83
23 May 2006		8	Hugh Clayton Lowther	27 May 1949	22 Jun 2021	72
22 Jun 2021		9	William James Lowther	9 Jul 1957
LOOMBA
12 Jan 2011	B[L]		Rajinder Paul Loomba Created Baron Loomba for life 12 Jan 2011	13 Nov 1943

	Lady Constance Blanche Alethea Mary Foljambe [1885‑16 Aug 1977], daughter of the 1st Earl of Liverpool (creation of 1905)
	One of the greatest society sensations in the northern summer of 1911 was undoubtedly the disappearance on her wedding day of Lady Constance Foljambe, daughter of the 1st Earl of Liverpool.
	The Daily Mail of 4 July 1911 reported:-
	A large party of guests who were invited to the wedding of Lady Constance Foljambe and the Rev. Hezekiah Astley Kemp Hawkins at St. Peter's, Eaton-square, S.W., yesterday afternoon, were startled by the sudden news that the bride had disappeared.
	Lady Constance Blanche Alethea Mary Foljambe, who is the fourth living daughter of the late Earl of Liverpool, and half-sister to the present earl, was found to be missing at a quarter-past twelve. No one saw her leave her brother's house at 44, Grosvenor-gardens, where she was residing, and she left no message. The wedding ceremony was to have taken place at two o'clock, and it was expected that she would return to the house in time to drive to the church. But two o'clock came and still she was absent.
	At the church all was ready. One hundred and fifty guests were gathered near the altar, and in the vestry the clergyman who was to perform the ceremony, Canon the Hon. R. Adderley, was waiting in his robes. In the church were the bridesmaids - Lady Rosamond Foljambe, Miss Mary Foljambe, Miss Evelyn Ponsonby, and Miss Violet Ricketts. The bride's mother, the Dowager Countess of Liverpool, who was to have given her away, was there with her sons, the bride's brothers.
	There was no hint of the dramatic dénouement that was to come. The bridegroom, who is the vicar of Whitwell-on-the-Hill, Yorkshire, was chatting with his friends, smiling happily. Two o'clock struck, but the proverbial privilege of brides to be late caused no misgivings. Once a stir of interest passed through the congregation, but it was only some belated guests. Minute succeeded minute, but still the bride was absent. A subdued hum of conversation arose in the pews.
	By a quarter-past two a growing impression of uneasiness had reached a climax. Some hazarded the suggestion that the right time for the wedding was half-past two and not two o'clock. The bridegroom, near the altar, was palpably ill at ease now. He spoke in a low tone to his best man, Dr. Jolly, and then the pair held a consultation with Canon Adderley. More than once they glanced eagerly at the great door of the church. Lady Constance was still absent. Nor was there any sign of the Earl of Liverpool, her half-brother.
	The pretence that all was well no longer held. Men looked from their watches to the door, women carried on subdued conversation in whispers. A messenger was sent in a motor-car to 44, Grosvenor-gardens, the house of the Earl of Liverpool.
	In a few minutes he returned and whispered something to a little family group in the aisle. The pale face of the bridegroom grew paler still, and he staggered a little. Someone put out a supporting hand, and he was gently led to the door and escorted back to his hotel. In a whisper the news passed through the congregation that there would be no wedding that day. It was within a few minutes of three o'clock. No marriage could take place after that hour and it was useless waiting, though some of the guests lingered until the hour had struck, hoping against hope.
	According to the Daily Mail of 7 July 1911, Lady Constance Foljambe is staying with a girl friend in Paris. She left her house in London at 12.15 p.m. on Monday on the pretext of posting a letter. She was then wearing a round white straw hat trimmed with roses, a brown tailor-made dress, and a long grey travelling coat. She went to Charing Cross, where she booked for Paris, leaving by the 2.20 Folkestone boat train, arriving in Paris at 9.15. She drove to the residence of a friend, but, not finding her in, drove to where she thought she might find her and succeeded in meeting her.
	Lady Constance was back in England on 13 July when she appeared as a witness in an inquest held at Malton in Yorkshire.
	The couple obviously reconciled, since they were later married, five months later, on 11 December 1911. The Irish Times of 14 December 1911 reported:-
	There has been a romantic sequel to the action of Lady Constance Foljambe, daughter of the late Earl of Liverpool, who created some sensation in society circles by failing to put in an appearance at St. Peter's Church, Eaton square, London, on July 3rd, when she was to have married to the Rev. H. A. K. Hawkins, vicar of Whitwell, near Malton, Yorkshire. It transpired yesterday that the parties were quietly married in London on Monday morning, and Lord Liverpool, in reply to an inquiry, said he had been informed of this fact. In the villages of Whitwell and Kirkham Abbey, where the respective parties lived, few had the slightest idea of the coming event. Mr. Hawkins officiated in the parish church on Sunday evening, and left immediately after for Barton Hill Station to join the York train. On Tuesday night letters were received in the village announcing that the marriage of Mr. Hawkins and Lady Constance Foljambe had taken place in London the previous morning, and stating that they would return to Whitwell on Friday next. One of the letters was posted at Folkestone. Since July Lady Constance has resided in London, and Mr. Hawkins has been fulfilling his clerical duties at Whitwell.
	The Rev. Mr. Hawkins, who was 22 years older than his wife, died in April 1927.
	Henry Brougham Loch, 1st Baron Loch
	From The Times of 21 June 1900:-
	Lord Loch, who was the son of Mr. James Loch, of Drylaw, was born on May 23, 1827, and when he was little more than a child entered the Royal Navy. He left it after only two years of training as a midshipman, and at the age of 17 joined the 3rd Bengal Cavalry in 1844. He was just in time to take part in the Sutlej campaign of the following year and became A.D.C. to Lord Gough. He remained actively interested and fully engrossed in military work for the ten years of a young man's life in which a soldier's career has perhaps its greatest attraction, and in 1854 he had an opportunity of doing special service in Bulgaria in the organization of Turkish troops for the Crimean War. He crossed with an army from Varna to the Crimea, and having had the good fortune as a soldier to see active service in the two principal campaigns in which the English Army had been engaged since the great peace, he was content, when the Crimean War came to an end, to abandon a military career for civil work.
	The civil work on which he was first engaged was not, however, in any sense less adventurous than the work of a military campaign. Experience in India, in Turkey, and in Southern Russia had naturally directed his attention to questions of the Far East. In 1856 the situation in China was not altogether unlike the present situation [i.e. the Boxer Rebellion]. In the autumn of that year the incident known as the "Arrow" incident took place. [On 8 October 1856, Chinese officials boarded the "Arrow", a Chinese-owned ship, and arrested a number of Chinese subjects. The British demanded their release, on the basis that the ship was sailing under a British flag at the time. This incident ultimately led to the Second Opium War of 1856‑1860.] It became necessary to insist upon reparation of the insult offered to the British flag, and Sir Michael Seymour sent home a request that 5,000 troops might be despatched to Hong Kong. A military expedition was undertaken to Canton, and at the same time Lord Elgin was sent out as Ambassador to endeavour to place [Britain's] relations with China on a more satisfactory diplomatic basis. This combination of a military and civil situation was the moment of transition in Mr. Loch's career. He accompanied the expedition to Canton and was present at the capture of the notorious Chinese Commissioner Yeh, who had been the moving spirit in the policy of aggression against the foreigner. The opening of China became the interesting question of the day, and Mr. Loch took part with his brother-in-law, Sir F[rederick] Nicholson, and Captain Osborn in an exploring expedition up the Pei‑ho River. The Treaty of Tien‑tsin was concluded in 1858, and when, in 1860, Lord Elgin undertook his second embassy to China, Mr. Loch accompanied him in the capacity of private secretary.
	The experience which he underwent in the course of this second expedition was one which may fortunately be described as unique in the annals of diplomacy. The refusal of the Chinese authorities to ratify the Treaty of Tien‑tsin and the armed resistance offered in 1859 to the execution of that clause in the treaty which granted the right to maintain a British Resident at Peking made it necessary to despatch an expedition in force to insist upon the execution of the conditions of the treaty. Lord Elgin left England in April of 1860 as Ambassador to the Court of Peking. There was some delay in the concentration of the troops necessary for the purpose of forcing of the Pei‑ho. The English army, under Sir Hope Grant, was ready in June. The French troops who acted with [Britain] were not ready until July. In August Pehtang Sinho and the Taku forts were occupied in swift succession, Mr. Loch sharing with Mr. Parkes - afterwards well known as Sir Harry Parkes [1828‑1885, British Minister in Japan 1865‑1883] - the adventurous duty of negotiating the surrender of the forts. On August 31 conditions of peace were offered by the allies at Tien‑tsin to the Chinese, and after some vain pretence at negotiation, in which the Chinese authorities showed evident bad faith, the advance on Peking was ordered. Under the pressure of the advancing armies the Chinese Commissioners again signified a desire to negotiate, and appeared to yield absolutely to the terms of the allies. It was arranged that the allied armies should encamp at a given position within ten or 12 miles of Tung‑chan and that the Ambassadors with their escort should proceed unmolested to Peking. Some slight details alone remained to be arranged, and Mr. Parkes and Mr. Loch returned with a small party of Sikhs and a few European officers to arrange them. They then discovered that a Chinese army had been concealed in ambush on the ground which had been indicated as the camping-ground of the British force. They were themselves surrounded. Mr. Loch, having succeeded in making his way through the Chinese lines to give notice of the impending treachery to the advance guard of the British force, rode back with a flag of truce in the vain hope that he might succeed in effecting the rescue of the little party. He was, in consequence, taken prisoner, and for three weeks experienced, in company with Mr. Parkes, the horrors of a Chinese prison. Here, loaded with chains, nearly starved, and treated with the utmost indignity by brutal gaolers, they were confined under daily fear of death. Mr. Loch, with an iron collar round his neck and a heavy chain connecting this with irons fixed upon his ankles, was handcuffed and fettered with elbows pinioned to a beam in the ceiling, which barely admitted of his lying down to sleep. In this condition he was kept among a horde of native prisoners, criminals of the lowest type, who presented the appearance of "as savage a lot of half-naked demons" as he had ever beheld. On one occasion, to gratify the spite of his gaoler, the chain by which he was fastened to the beam was so tightened that he was suspended by his neck and feet, and this torture was prolonged through the whole night, a compassionate fellow-prisoner occasionally lifting him to ease the pressure on the throat when he appeared to be choking. The vivid personal narrative published in 1869 ['Personal Narrative of Occurrences during Lord Elgin's Second Embassy to China 1860' published by John Murray, 1869], in which Mr. Loch related these experiences, is well worth reading for the light it throws on the Chinese and on the English character.
	The story of the release of the two prisoners, the terrible sufferings and deaths of their comrades, and the subsequent burning of the Summer Palace at Peking are too well known to relate in detail. [see the Wikipedia article on the Second Opium War or, for a fictionalized but accurate account, George Macdonald Fraser's "Flashman and the Dragon".] So nearly did the negotiations fail for the release of Mr. Parkes and Mr. Loch that they only escaped by ten minutes the arrival of the Imperial order for their execution.
	After his release, Loch was Lieutenant-Governor of the Isle of Man between 1863 and 1882, Governor of Victoria 1884‑1889 and Governor of the Cape Colony in South Africa 1889‑1895. Upon his retirement from this last post, he was created a peer as Baron Loch.
	Robert Stewart, 2nd Marquess of Londonderry and "The Radiant Boy"
	There are a number of legends of "Radiant Boys" in the northern counties of England. The common form of a "Radiant Boy" is a young, often naked boy from whom emanates a very bright light. It is said that anyone who sees a "Radiant Boy" will rise to great heights in their chosen career, but will die a violent death. There are quite a number of stories concerning such apparitions, one of the best known being that which appeared to Robert Stewart, who is better known as Viscount Castlereagh and who later became the 2nd Marquess of Londonderry. The prediction of a violent death held true in his case, since he committed suicide by cutting his throat with his pen-knife. The following version is taken from Every Week: a journal of entertaining literature in its issue for 18 June 1890:-
	Lord Londonderry was, for the first time, on a visit to a gentleman in the north of Ireland. The mansion was such a one as spectres are reputed to inhabit; it was associated with many recollections of historic times; and the sombre character of its architecture and the wildness of the surrounding scenery were calculated to impress the soul with melancholy.
	The apartment also which was appropriated to Lord Londonderry was especially calculated to foster such a tone of feeling from its antique appointments; from the dark and richly carved panels of its wainscot; from its yawning width and height of chimney, looking like the open entrance to a tomb, of which the surrounding ornaments appeared to form the sculptures and entablature; from the portraits of grim men and severe women arrayed in orderly procession along the walls, scowling a contemptuous enmity against the degenerate invaders of their gloomy bowers and venerable halls; and from the vast, dusky, ponderous, and complicated draperies that concealed the windows, and hung with the gloomy grandeur of funeral trappings about the hearse-like piece of furniture that was destined for his bed.
	Lord Londonderry on entering his apartment might have received some painful depressions and misgivings when he found himself in the midst of such a world of melancholy images; he might have felt himself more than usually inclined to submit to the influence of superstition.
	Lord Londonderry examined his chamber; he made himself acquainted with the forms and faces of the ancient possessors of the mansion as they sat upright in their ebony frames to receive his salutation; and then, after dismissing his valet, he retired to bed.
	His candles had not been long extinguished when he perceived a light gleaming on the draperies of the lofty canopy over his head.
	Conscious that there was no fire in the grate, that the curtains were closed, and that the chamber had been in perfect darkness but a few moments before, he supposed that some one must have accidentally entered his apartment; and turning hastily round to the side from which the light proceeded, saw, to his infinite astonishment, not the form of any human visitor, but the figure of a fair boy, who seemed to be garmented in rays of mild and tempered glory, which beamed palely from his slender form like the faint light of a declining moon, and rendered the object which was nearest to him dimly and indistinctly visible. The spirit stood at some distance from the side of the bed.
	Certain that his own faculties were not deceiving him, but suspecting he might be imposed on by the ingenuity of some of the numerous guests who were then visiting the same house, Lord Londonderry proceeded towards the figure, but as he approached it retreated, as he slowly advanced the form with equal pace slowly retired, until it entered the gloomy arch of the capacious chimney, through which it appeared to sink into the earth.
	Lord Londonderry retired to his bed, but not to rest; his mind was disturbed by the consideration of the extraordinary event which had occurred to him. Was it real? Was it the work of the imagination? Was it the result of imposture? It was all incomprehensible.
	He resolved in the morning not to mention the appearance till he should have well observed the manners and countenances of the family; he was conscious that if any deception had been practised its authors would be too delighted with their success to conceal the vanity of their triumph.
	When the guests assembled at the breakfast table, the eye of Lord Londonderry searched in vain for those latent smiles - those conscious looks - that silent communication between the parties, by which the author and abettors of such domestic conspiracies are generally betrayed.
	Everything apparently proceeded in its ordinary course; the conversation flowed rapidly along from the subjects afforded by the moment without any of the constraint which marks a party intent upon some recent and more interesting argument, and endeavouring to afford an opportunity for its introduction.
	At last the hero of the tale found himself compelled to mention the occurrence of the night, prefacing it by such remarks as that it was most extraordinary, he feared that he should not be credited, and then, after all due preparation, the story was related.
	Those amongst his auditors who, like himself, were strangers and visitors in the house, were certain that some delusion must have been practised; the family alone seemed perfectly composed and calm.
	At last, the gentleman whom Lord Londonderry was visiting interrupted their various surmises on the subject. "The circumstances which you have just recounted must naturally appear most extraordinary to those who have not long been inmates of my dwelling, and not conversant with the legends connected with my family; to those who are, the event which has happened will only serve as the corroboration of an old tradition which long has been related of the apartment in which you slept. You have seen the Radiant Boy - be content - it is an omen of prosperous fortunes. I would rather that this circumstance should no more be mentioned."
	There is even a YouTube clip (http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9HQxHxgAiV8) which discusses this legend, although the date mentioned in it is wrong by 100 years and states that Stewart became Prime Minister, which he never did.
	Hugh Cecil Lowther, 5th Earl of Lonsdale
	Lowther succeeded to the earldom of Lonsdale on the death of his older brother in 1882. For the next 10 years, his name was rarely out of contemporary newspapers.
	In March and April 1884, Lonsdale was directly involved in an action for criminal libel against the proprietor of the World newspaper, Edmund Yates. According to the Birmingham Daily Post of 3 April 1884:-
	Yesterday morning, Mr. Edmund Yates, the proprietor of the World newspaper, appeared before the Lord Chief Justice of England and Justices Cave and Williams, to receive sentence for the publication in that journal of the 17th January, 1883, of a libel on the Earl of Lonsdale, in respect of which a criminal information was filed against him, and to which he pleaded guilty. The libel was as follows: - "A strange story is in circulation in sporting circles, concerning the elopement of a young lady of the very highest rank and noble birth with a young peer, whose marriage was one of affection, but whose wife has unfortunately fallen into a delicate state of health. The elopement is said to have taken place from the hunting-field. The young lady, who is only one or two and twenty, is a very fair rider, and the gentleman is a master of hounds."
	The affidavit of the Earl of Lonsdale to the effect that the paragraph pointed to him, and that there was no foundation for the libel, having been read, the Attorney-General addressed the Court on behalf of the Earl of Lonsdale, who, he said, had instituted these proceedings in the public interest, and left the matter entirely in their lordship's hands.
	Mr, Russell, Q.C., spoke in mitigation of punishment, stating that Mr. Yates had received the paragraph complained of from a lady of high rank, moving in the same circles as Lord Lonsdale, and who was a regular contributor to the World. [The author of the paragraph was never, to the best of my knowledge, disclosed in any English newspaper, but the American papers of the time were far less reticent and named the author as Lady Stradbroke, wife of the 2nd Earl of Stradbroke, and the young lady referred to in the paragraph as Lady Grace Fane, daughter of the 12th Earl of Westmorland - see the "Chicago Daily Tribune" of 19 January 1885.] Mr. Yates had since done everything in his power to remedy the mischief which he had inadvertently done.
	Yates was convicted and sentenced to four months' imprisonment. He appealed against this sentence, but when the appeal was heard in January 1885, his appeal was dismissed. He spent less than two months in prison, however, being pardoned in March 1885.
	*******************
	We next meet with the noble Earl in July 1885 when he was involved in a brawl in Hyde Park with Sir George Chetwynd, his rival for the affections of the actress Lily Langtry. The following account of this affair is from the Richmond, Virginia State and was reprinted in the Aberdeen Journal of 22 August 1885:-
	All accounts of the fracas between Lord Lonsdale and Sir George Chetwynd in Rotten Row show that the latter began the assault by striking Lord Lonsdale on the head with a whip and knocking his hat off into the street. Both men were on horseback at the time. In delivering the blow, Sir George cried, "Take that, you devil!" "What in ----- do you mean?" rejoined Lord Lonsdale, smarting under the blow. "Don't meddle with my Lily!" shouted his assailant, as he again struck Lord Lonsdale with his whip full across his shoulders.
	Lord Lonsdale then returned the blows with his whip. The horses of the combatants became frightened, and began to plunge and kick in such a lively manner that their riders were at last forced to dismount. Dropping their whips, they continued the fight with their fists. Sir George Chetwynd soon got his opponent's head in chancery [presumably some form of head-lock] and pummelled him repeatedly.
	Lord Lonsdale struggled to free himself, and both men rolled in the dust. Both quickly regained their feet, and, with blood flowing freely from noses and mouths, and their clothing badly torn, renewed the fight until a mounted policeman galloped up and separated them. The combatants entered close carriages and were driven to their homes. Legal proceedings are threatened, but friends of the men are trying to keep the matter out of the courts.
	Further newspaper reports state that when news of the fight reached the ears of the Prince of Wales, he immediately cancelled all invitations to future receptions of both of the combatants. It is certain that this action was not taken out of any feeling of punishing the two men for fighting, but rather because they were both the Prince's rivals for Lily Langtry's favours.
	*******************
	After spending much of 1886 in America, where he became embroiled in a scandal relating to an English "actress" named Violet Cameron, Lonsdale again appeared on American soil in March 1888. The purpose of this visit was, however, somewhat different, as the following report from the Chicago Daily Tribune of 10 March 1888 explains:-
	Hugh Cecil Lowther, Earl of Lonsdale, arrived here again yesterday with an astonishing purpose - that of travelling to the North Pole, accompanied by no-one but his valet. He first came to America in 1879 and spent several weeks in the Rocky Mountains. His success in penetrating comparatively unknown regions encouraged him, and, made reckless by recent social complications, he has decided not only to emulate the example of former martyrs to science, but to surpass them.
	He said: "I have come to America to do what no one else has done. I am on the point of penetrating British America from the frontier of the United States to the Arctic Ocean, and then proceeding by water to the North Pole, if such be possible …
	Lonsdale set out from Winnipeg in April 1888 and for most of the next year the newspapers reported his progress as news reached them from trappers and agents of the Hudson Bay Company. He certainly reached well inside the Arctic Circle and was the subject of the almost obligatory report of his death, but he emerged from the wilderness at Kodiak Island in Alaska in February 1889, arriving back in England in late May. News of his return to civilization was reported in various papers, of which the following (Reynolds's Newspaper 14 April 1889) is typical:-
	The fishing schooner Cumberland, which arrived at Port Angeles, Washington Territory, on Wednesday, brought news of Lord Lonsdale. According to this despatch, Lord Lonsdale and a number of Esquimaux and Indian guides reached Kodiack about the middle of February in a famished condition. They came from an isolated mission near the mouth of the Kuskewin River, which empties into the Bristol Bay. The party suffered many hardships and privations, and during the journey across the Alaskan Peninsula, Lord Lonsdale was severely injured. A few days after leaving the mission-house, while in lead of his party, he slipped and fell into a crevasse, and his left shoulder was so bruised that his arm was rendered useless, and his hip was all but dislocated, incapacitating him for travel on foot. He was placed on a sled in that condition, and transported to Kodiack. The great stretch of territory between the mission and the island was covered to a depth of several feet with light snow. A terrible blizzard that prevailed caught up the light particles in clouds, obliterating all tracks and landmarks familiar to the guides, and making drifts through which it was next to impossible to make a passage. On February 3 the party reached almost the centre of the peninsula, and a stop was made to rest the dogs, who were in a worse condition than the men. The blizzard continued for four days, during which time Lord Lonsdale, the guides, dogs and all were huddled together under a shelter made by standing the sleds on end. When the storm ceased, Lord Lonsdale was found to be so ill from fatigue and the lack of proper nourishment and medical treatment, that it was feared he would not survive the journey. The guides broke up one of the sleds and built a fire, over which they cooked some food and boiled water, with which they bathed Lord Lonsdale's injured parts, and reduced the swelling. He improved somewhat, and the journey was resumed. During the latter half of the trip the temperature for several days registered 100 degrees below freezing point. Blizzards were continuous, and several of the dogs succumbed from fatigue, and others wandered off and were lost in the snow. Just before reaching Cook's Inlet two of the guides died and were buried in the snow. The party were in the stages of starvation when they reached Kodiack and had not food and shelter been found there Lord Lonsdale would have died. Captain Elliott offered them a passage in the Cumberland to New Westminster, B.C., but Lord Lonsdale refused, stating that the party might remain at Kodiack for a week or a month, perhaps longer, as suited his fancy. He stated positively that he had had enough of Arctic exploration, and would return to England shortly.
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	One final aspect of the Earl's life is worth a reference. He was one of the two parties, the other being John Pierrepont Morgan, in a famous bet made in 1907 as to whether a man could walk around the world without being identified. A man named Harry Bensley offered to prove the truth of the matter. Space forbids further information in this note, but for anyone interested, I recommend they cut and paste the following website into their browser - http://mcnaught.orpheusweb.co.uk/HarryB/index.html

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